漢語(yǔ)無(wú)主句不一定譯為英語(yǔ)被動(dòng)句

漢語(yǔ)中的主語(yǔ)經(jīng)常省略，英語(yǔ)的主語(yǔ)不能省略。有人見(jiàn)到無(wú)主句就不加區分地翻譯為英語(yǔ)的被動(dòng)句。當然，許多情況下翻譯為主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)或被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)對意思的傳達不產(chǎn)生實(shí)質(zhì)性影響，但根據我們對簡(jiǎn)明英語(yǔ)的學(xué)習，主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)在文體上更直截了當。 下面，安徽譯博翻譯小編試舉兩例加以說(shuō)明。

例1.

依法加強采供血機構建設，健全采供血機構網(wǎng)絡(luò )；節約血液資源，做到合理、科學(xué)用血。建立健全省級血液中心。

到2002年底前，要對不符合建設標準的地（市）中心血站進(jìn)行必要的改造。

可以翻譯為被動(dòng)句：

A complete and up-to-standard network of Hood collection and distribution will be created according to law to strengthen institutional capacity. Blood resources will be conserved by using blood rationally and scientifically. Provincial blood centers will be established or improved. By the end of 2002，necessary changes will be made to prefectural and city blood centers that do not meet standards.

但根據寫(xiě)作的原則，要盡量使用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，所以可以增加主語(yǔ)，翻譯為主動(dòng)句：

We will strengthen the institutional capacity in accordance with the law by creating a complete and up-to-standard network of blood collection and distribution. We will conserve blood resources by using blood rationally and scientifically. We will establish or improve provincial blood centers. By the end of 2002，we will make the necessary changes to prefectural and city blood centers that do not meet standards.
 

例2.

加強西部地區商品和要素市場(chǎng)的培育和建設。

A. Efforts will be made to develop markets of consumer goods and factors of production in the western region.

B. We will develop markets of consumer goods and factors of production in the western region.

上例中，efforts will be made to不起任何實(shí)質(zhì)作用，惟一的作用就是為了把短語(yǔ)變?yōu)榫渥�，這不符合簡(jiǎn)潔的原則。所以，主動(dòng)句更好一些。