UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION ON THE LIABILITY OF OPERATORS
OF TRANSPORT TERMINALS IN INTERNATIONAL TRADE, 1991
      聯(lián)合國國際貿易運輸港站經(jīng)營(yíng)人賠償責任公約 (1991年)
 
　簡(jiǎn)介:本公約于1991年4月2日至19日聯(lián)合國國際貿易法委員會(huì )在維也納召開(kāi)的聯(lián)合國國際貿易運輸港站經(jīng)營(yíng)人賠償責任會(huì )議上制定，尚未生效。
 
CONTENTS 目錄
 
PREAMBLE 導言
Article 1 Definitions第1條 定 義
.Article 2 Scope of application第2條 適用范圍
Article 3 Period of responsibility　第3條 責任期限
Article 4 Issuance of document第4條 出具單據
.Article 5 Basis of liability第5條 賠償責任依據
Article 6 Limits of liability第6條 賠償責任限額
.Article 7 Application to non-contractual claims第7條 對非約定索賠的適用
.Article 8 Loss of right to limit liability第8條 賠償責任限額權利的喪失
Article 9 Special rules on dangerous goods　第9條 關(guān)于危險貨物的特別規則
Article 10 Rights of security in goods第10條 對貨物的擔保權
Article 11 Notice of loss, damage or delay第11條 滅失、損壞或遲延的通知
Article 12 Limitation of actions第12條 訴訟時(shí)效
Article 13 Contractual stipulations第13條 合同規定
Article 14 Interpretation of the Convention　第14條 本公約的解釋
Article 15 International transport conventions第15條 國際運輸公約
Article 16 Unit of account第16條 記帳單位
Article 17 Depositary　第17條 保存人
Article 18 Signature, ratification, acceptance, approval, accession
第18條 簽字、批準、接受、核準、加入
Article 19 Application to territorial units第19條 對領(lǐng)土單位的適用
Article 20 Effect of declaration第20條 聲明的生效
Article 21 Reservations　第21條 保 留
Article 22 Entry into force第22條 生 效
Article 23 Revision and amendment第23條 修訂和修正
Article 24 Revision of limitation amounts第24條 限額的修訂
.Article 25 Denunciation第25條 退 出
 
PREAMBLE 導言
THE CONTRACTING STATES:　REAFFIRMING THEIR CONVICTION that the progressive harmonization and unification of international trade law, in reducing or removing legal　　obstacles to the flow of international trade, especially those affecting　the developing countries, would significantly contribute to universal　economic co-operation among all States on a basis of equality, equity and　common interest and to the elimination of discrimination in international　　trade and, thereby, to the well-being of all peoples;　CONSIDERING the problems created by the uncertainties as to the legal　regime applicable with regard to goods in international carriage when the goods are not in the charge of carriers nor in the charge of cargo-owning　interests but while they are in the charge of operators of transport　terminals in international trade;　　INTENDING to facilitate the movement of goods by establishing uniform　rules concerning liability for loss of, damage to or delay in handing over　such goods while they are in the charge of operators of transport　terminals and are not covered by the laws of carriage arising out of　　conventions applicable to the various modes of transport, HAVE AGREED as follows:
各締約國：重申堅信逐漸協(xié)調和統一國際貿易法以減少或消除國際貿易交往中的法律障礙，特別是影響發(fā)展中國家的那些障礙將在很大程度上有助于各國在平等、公開(kāi)和互利的基礎上進(jìn)行普遍經(jīng)濟合作，消除國際貿易方面的歧視，從而為各國人民謀求福利;考慮到在國際運輸中的貨物既非由承運人接管，又非由貨主接管，而是由國際貿易運輸港站經(jīng)營(yíng)人接管時(shí)，因適用這類(lèi)貨物的法律制度的不確定性而造成的問(wèn)題;意欲為這類(lèi)貨物在由運輸港站經(jīng)營(yíng)人接管，而又不受適用于各種運輸方式的公約的運輸法律管轄時(shí)所發(fā)生的滅失、損壞或交貨遲延而制定賠償責任的統一規則，以期有利于貨物的流動(dòng)。茲協(xié)議如下：
 
Article 1 Definitions第1條 定 義
In this Convention:
 (a) "Operator of a transport terminal" (hereinafter referred to as　"operator") means a person who, in the course of his business, undertakes　to take in charge goods involved in international carriage in order to　perform or to procure the performance of transport-related services with　　respect to the goods in an area under his control or in respect of which　he has a right of access or use. However, a person is not considered an　operator whenever he is a carrier under applicable rules of law governing　carriage;
在本公約中，
(a)“運輸港站經(jīng)營(yíng)人”(下稱(chēng)“經(jīng)營(yíng)人”)是指在其業(yè)務(wù)過(guò)程中，在其控制下的某一區域內或在其有權出入或使用的某一區域內，負責接管?chē)�際運輸的貨物，以便對這些貨物從事或安排從事與運輸有關(guān)的服務(wù)的人。但是，凡屬根據適用于貨運的法律規則身為承運人的人，不視為經(jīng)營(yíng)人;
 
　(b) Where goods are consolidated in a container, pallet or similar　article of transport or where they are packed, "goods" includes such　article of transport or packaging if it was not supplied by the operator;
(b)在貨物組裝于集裝箱、托盤(pán)或類(lèi)似的運輸器具中時(shí)或經(jīng)包裝時(shí)，“貨物”包括這類(lèi)運輸器具或包裝，只要其不是由經(jīng)營(yíng)人所提供;
 
(c) "International carriage" means any carriage in which the place of　departure and the place of destination are identified as being located in　two different States when the goods are taken in charge by the operator;
(c)“國際運輸”是指在經(jīng)營(yíng)人接管貨物時(shí)確定其啟運地和目的地位于兩個(gè)不同國家的任何貨物運輸;
 
(d) "Transport-related services" includes such services as storage,　warehousing, loading, unloading, stowage, trimming, dunnaging and　lashing;
　(e) "Notice" means a notice given in a form which provides a record of　the information contained therein;
　(f) "Request" means a request made in a form which provides a record　of the information contained therein
(d)“與運輸有關(guān)的服務(wù)”包括諸如堆存、倉儲、裝貨、卸貨、積載、平艙、隔墊和綁扎等服務(wù);
e)“通知”是指發(fā)出的一項通知，其所用形式應提供其中所載資料的記錄;
(f)“請求”是指作出的一項請求，其所用形式應提供其中所載資料的記錄。
 
.Article 2 Scope of application第2條 適用范圍
(1) This Convention applies to transport-related services performed in　relation to goods which are involved in international carriage:
(a) When the transport-related services are performed by an　operator whose place of business is located in a State Party, or
 (b) When the transport-related services are performed in a State　Party, or
(c) When, according to the rules of private international law, the　transport-related services are governed by the law of a State Party.
 (1)本公約在有下列情形之一時(shí)，適用于對國際運輸的貨物所從事的、與運輸有關(guān)的服務(wù)：(a)從事與運輸有關(guān)的服務(wù)的經(jīng)營(yíng)人的營(yíng)業(yè)地位于一締約國內，或者
(b)與運輸有關(guān)的服務(wù)在一締約國內進(jìn)行，或者
(c)按照國際私法規則，與運輸有關(guān)的服務(wù)受到一締約國法律的制約。
 
(2) If the operator has more than one place of business, the place of　business is that which has the closest relationship to the　transport-related services as a whole.
(3) If the operator does not have a place of business, reference is to　be made to the operator's habitual residence.
(2)如果經(jīng)營(yíng)人有一個(gè)以上的營(yíng)業(yè)地，則以與整個(gè)有關(guān)運輸的服務(wù)關(guān)系最密切的營(yíng)業(yè)地為其營(yíng)業(yè)地。
(3)如果經(jīng)營(yíng)人沒(méi)有營(yíng)業(yè)地，則以其慣常居所為準。
 
Article 3 Period of responsibility　第3條 責任期限
The operator is responsible for the goods from the time he has taken　them in charge until the time he has handed them over to or has placed　them at the disposal of the person entitled to take delivery of them.
經(jīng)營(yíng)人從其接管貨物之時(shí)起，至其向有權提貨的人交付貨物或將貨物交由該人處理之時(shí)止，應對貨物負責。
 
Article 4 Issuance of document第4條 出具單據
(1) The operator may, and at the customer's request shall, within a　reasonable period of time, at the option of the operator, either:
(a) Acknowledge his receipt of the goods by signing and dating a　document presented by the customer that identifies the goods, or
(b) Issue a signed document identifying the goods, acknowledging　his receipt of the goods and the date thereof, and stating their condition　and quantity in so far as they can be ascertained by reasonable means of　checking.
(2) If the operator does not act in accordance with either　subparagraph (a) or (b) of paragraph (1), he is presumed to have received　the goods in apparent good condition, unless he proves otherwise. No such　presumption applies when the services performed by the operator are　　limited to the immediate transfer of the goods between means of transport.
(3) A document referred to in paragraph(1) may be issued in any form　which preserves a record of the information contained therein. When the　customer and the operator have agreed to communicate electronically, a document referred to in paragraph (1) may be replaced by an equivalent　electronic data interchange message.
(4) The signature referred to in paragraph (1) means a handwritten　signature, its facsimile or an equivalent authentication effected by any　other means
 (1)經(jīng)營(yíng)人可以，或者必須應客戶(hù)要求，在一段合理的時(shí)間依經(jīng)營(yíng)人的選擇：(a)在客戶(hù)提交的列明貨物的單據上簽署并注明日期，以確認收到貨物，或者(b)出具一份經(jīng)簽署的列明貨物的單據，確認收到貨物和收到的日期，如能以合理的檢查方法清點(diǎn)核實(shí)，還應說(shuō)明貨物的狀況和數量。
(2)如經(jīng)營(yíng)人不按照第(1)款(a)項或(b)項行事，則可以推定他所收到的貨物表面狀況良好，除非他證明并非如此。當經(jīng)營(yíng)人所從事的服務(wù)僅限于貨物在運輸方式間的立即轉移，則不適用這類(lèi)推定。
(3)第(1)款所指的單據可以任何形式開(kāi)具，但應能保存其中所載資料的記錄。如客戶(hù)與經(jīng)營(yíng)人已商定以電子技術(shù)進(jìn)行聯(lián)系，則第(1)款所指的單據可以用相應的電子數據交換電文來(lái)取代。
(4)第(1)款所述的簽署指手書(shū)簽署，其傳真或以任何其他方式使之生效的等效證明。
 
.Article 5 Basis of liability第5條 賠償責任依據
　(1) The operator is liable for loss resulting from loss of or damage　to the goods, as well as from delay in handing over the goods, if the　occurrence which caused the loss, damage or delay took place during the　period of the operator's responsibility for the goods as defined in　Article 3, unless he proves that he, his servants or agents or other　persons of whose services the operator makes use for the performance of　the transport-related services took all measures that could reasonably be　required to avoid the occurrence and its consequences.
　(2) Where a failure on the part of the operator, his servants or　agents or other persons of whose services the operator makes use for the　performance of the transport-related services to take the measures　referred to in paragraph (1) combines with another cause to produce loss,　damage or delay, the operator is liable only to the extent that the loss　resulting from such loss, damage or delay is attributable to that　failure, provided that the operator proves the amount of the loss not　attributable thereto.
(3) Delay in handing over the goods occurs when the operator fails to　hand them over to or place them at the disposal of a person entitled to　take delivery of them within the time expressly agreed upon or, in the　absence of such agreement, within a reasonable time after receiving a　request for the goods by such person.
(4) If the operator fails to hand over the goods to or place them at　the disposal of a person entitled to take delivery of them within a period　of 30 consecutive days after the date expressly agreed upon or, in the　absence of such agreement, within a period of 30 consecutive days after　　receiving a request for the goods by such person, a person entitled to make a claim for the loss of the goods may treat them as lost.
 (1)如果在第3條規定的經(jīng)營(yíng)人應對貨物負責的期限內發(fā)生滅失、損壞或遲延的事情，則經(jīng)營(yíng)人應對由于貨物滅失或損壞以及交貨遲延所造成的損失負賠償責任，除非他證明他本人、其受雇人或代理人或經(jīng)營(yíng)人為了履行與運輸有關(guān)的服務(wù)而利用為其服務(wù)的其他人，已采取一切所能合理要求的措施來(lái)防止有關(guān)事情的發(fā)生及其后果。
(2)如果經(jīng)營(yíng)人、其受雇人或代理人或經(jīng)營(yíng)人為了履行與運輸有關(guān)的服務(wù)而利用為其服務(wù)的其他人，未采取第(1)款所指的措施，而又由另一原因造成滅失、損壞或遲延，則經(jīng)營(yíng)人僅對因未采取措施而引起的那種滅失、損壞或遲延所造成的損失負賠償責任。但經(jīng)營(yíng)人須證明不能歸因于未采取措施而造成的損失的數額。
(3)交貨遲延，發(fā)生在經(jīng)營(yíng)人未能在明確約定的時(shí)間內，或在無(wú)這種約定的情況下，未能在收到有權提貨的人的交貨要求后一段合理時(shí)間內，將貨物交付給該人或交由該人處理的場(chǎng)合。
(4)如果經(jīng)營(yíng)人在明確約定的交貨日期后連續30天的一段時(shí)間內，或在無(wú)這種約定的情況下，在收到有權提貨的人的交貨要求后連續30天的一段時(shí)間內，未能向有權提貨的人交付貨物或將貨物交由其處理，則有權就貨物滅失提出索賠的人即可將該貨物視為滅失。
 
Article 6 Limits of liability第6條 賠償責任限額
(1) (a) The liability of the operator for loss resulting from loss of　or damage to goods according to the provisions of Article 5 is limited to　an amount not exceeding 8.33 units of account per kilogram of gross weight　of the goods lost or damaged.
(b) However, if the goods are handed over to the operator　immediately after carriage by sea or by inland waterways, or if the goods　are handed over, or are to be handed over, by him for such carriage, the　liability of the operator for loss resulting from loss of or damage to　goods according to the provisions of Article 5 is limited to an amount not　exceeding 2.75 units of account per kilogram of gross weight of the goods　lost or damaged. For the purposes of this paragraph, carriage by sea or　by inland waterways includes pick-up and delivery within a port.
(c) When the loss of or damage to a part of the goods affects the　value of another part of the goods, the total weight of the lost or　damaged goods and of the goods whose value is affected shall be taken into　consideration in determining the limit of liability.
(2) The liability of the operator for delay in handing over the goods　according to the provisions of Article 5 is limited to an amount　equivalent to two and a half times the charges payable to the operator for　his services in respect of the goods delayed, but not exceeding the total　of such charges in respect of the consignment of which the goods were a　part.
(3) In no case shall the aggregate liability of the operator under　both paragraphs (1) and (2) exceed the limitation which would be　established under paragraph (1) for total loss of the goods in respect of　which such liability was incurred.
(4) The operator may agree to limits of liability exceeding those　provided for in paragraphs (1), (2) and (3)
 (1)(a)經(jīng)營(yíng)人按照第5條的規定對由于貨物滅失或損壞而引起的損失所負賠償責任以滅失或損壞貨物的毛重每公斤不超過(guò)8.33計算單位的數額為限。
(b)但是，若貨物系海運或內陸水運后立即交給經(jīng)營(yíng)人，或者貨物系由經(jīng)營(yíng)人交付或待交付給此類(lèi)運輸，則經(jīng)營(yíng)人按照第5條的規定對由于貨物滅失或損壞而造成的損失所負賠償責任，以滅失或損壞貨物的毛重每公斤不超過(guò)2.75計算單位為限。本款中的海運和內陸水運包括港口內的提貨和交貨。
(c)如部分貨物的滅失或損壞影響到另一部分貨物的價(jià)值，則在確定賠償責任限額時(shí)，應計及遭受滅失或損壞的貨物和其價(jià)值受到影響的貨物加在一起的總重量。
(2)經(jīng)營(yíng)人按照第5條的規定對交貨遲延應負的賠償責任，以相當于經(jīng)營(yíng)人就所遲交貨物提供的服務(wù)所收費用兩倍半數額為限，但這一數額不得超過(guò)對包含該貨物在內的整批貨物所收費用的總和。
(3)在任何情況下，經(jīng)營(yíng)人按照第(1)和第(2)款所承擔的賠償總額不應超過(guò)根據第1款規定就引起貨物全部滅失所確定的賠償責任限額。
(4)經(jīng)營(yíng)人可同意超過(guò)第(1)、第(2)和第(3)款所規定的賠償責任限額。
 
.Article 7 Application to non-contractual claims第7條 對非約定索賠的適用
(1) The defences and limits of liability provided for in this　Convention apply in any action against the operator in respect of loss of　or damage to the goods, as well as delay in handing over the goods,　whether the action is founded in contract, in tort or otherwise.
(2) If such an action is brought against a servant or agent of the　operator, or against another person of whose services the operator makes　use for the performance of the transport-related services, such servant,　agent or person, if he proves that he acted within the scope of his　employment or engagement by the operator, is entitled to avail himself of　the defences and limits of liability which the operator is entitled to　invoke under this Convention.
(3) Except as provided in Article 8, the aggregate of the amounts　recoverable from the operator and from any servant, agent or person　referred to in the preceding paragraph shall not exceed the limits of liability provided for in this Convention
 (1)本公約規定的抗辯和賠償責任限額適用于因貨物發(fā)生滅失或損壞以及因交貨遲延而對經(jīng)營(yíng)人提起的任何訴訟，不論這種訴訟是基于合同、侵權或其他方面。
(2)當這種訴訟是針對經(jīng)營(yíng)人的受雇人或代理人，或經(jīng)營(yíng)人為履行與運輸有關(guān)的服務(wù)而利用的其他人時(shí)，如該受雇人、代理人或其他人能證明他是在受經(jīng)營(yíng)人雇用或聘用的范圍內行事，則有權引用經(jīng)營(yíng)人根據公約可以援引的抗辯和賠償責任限額。
(3)除第8條規定者外，從經(jīng)營(yíng)人和從上款所指的任何受雇人、代理人或其他人取得的賠償總額不得超過(guò)公約規定的賠償責任限額。
 
.Article 8 Loss of right to limit liability第8條 賠償責任限額權利的喪失
(1) The operator is not entitled to the benefit of the limitation of　liability provided for in Article 6 if it is proved that the loss, damage　or delay resulted from an act or omission of the operator himself or his　servants or agents done with the intent to cause such loss, damage or　delay, or recklessly and with knowledge that such loss, damage or delay　would probably result.
(2) Notwithstanding the provision of paragraph (2) of Article 7, a　servant or agent of the operator or another person of whose services the　operator makes use for the performance of the transport-related services　is not entitled to the benefit of the limitation of liability provided for　in Article 6 if it is proved that the loss, damage or delay resulted from　an act or omission of such servant, agent or person done with the intent　to cause such loss, damage or delay, or recklessly and with knowledge that　such loss, damage or delay would probably result.
 (1)如經(jīng)證明，貨物的滅失或損壞或遲延交付系因經(jīng)營(yíng)人本人或受雇人或代理人有意造成這種滅失、損壞或遲延的行為或不為所造成，或明知可能造成這一滅失、損壞或遲延而輕率地采取的行為或不為所造成，則經(jīng)營(yíng)人無(wú)權享受第6條規定的限制責任的權利。
(2)雖有第7條第(2)款的規定，如經(jīng)證明，貨物的滅失、損壞或遲延系因經(jīng)營(yíng)人的受雇人或代理人或經(jīng)營(yíng)人為進(jìn)行與運輸有關(guān)的服務(wù)而用其服務(wù)的其他人有意造成這一滅失、損壞或遲延的行為或不為所造成，或在明知可能造成這種滅失、損壞或遲延而輕率地采取行為或不行為所造成，則該受雇人、代理人或其他人無(wú)權享受第6條規定的限制賠償責任的權利。
 
Article 9 Special rules on dangerous goods　第9條 關(guān)于危險貨物的特別規則
If dangerous goods are handed over to the operator without being　marked, labelled, packaged or documented in accordance with any law or　regulation relating to dangerous goods applicable in the country where the　goods are handed over and if, at the time the goods are taken in charge by　　him, the operator does not otherwise know of their dangerous character, he　is entitled:
(a) To take all precautions the circumstances may require, including,　when the goods pose an imminent danger to any person or property,　destroying the goods, rendering them innocuous, or disposing of them by　any other lawful means, without payment of compensation for damage to or　destruction of the goods resulting from such precautions, and
(b) To receive reimbursement for all costs incurred by him in taking　the measures referred to in subparagraph (a) from the person who failed to　meet any obligation under such applicable law or regulation to inform him　of the dangerous character of the goods.
如果向經(jīng)營(yíng)人交付危險貨物時(shí)，沒(méi)有按照在交付貨物所在國適用的任何有關(guān)危險貨物的法律或規章刷標志、貼標簽、包裝或提供單證，且如果該貨物由經(jīng)營(yíng)人接管時(shí)，經(jīng)營(yíng)人并未以其他方式得知其危險性，則經(jīng)營(yíng)人有權：(a)采取一切必要的預防措施，其中包括在貨物對任何人或財產(chǎn)構成即刻危險時(shí)銷(xiāo)毀貨物，使其成為無(wú)害物、或用其他任何合法手段加以處理，而不需因這些預防措施所造成的貨物損壞或銷(xiāo)毀而支付賠償，并且(b)向未根據這種適用的法律或規章履行義務(wù)將貨物的危險性質(zhì)告訴經(jīng)營(yíng)人的人，收取經(jīng)營(yíng)人因采取(a)項所述措施所發(fā)生的全部費用的補償。
 
Article 10 Rights of security in goods第10條 對貨物的擔保權
(1) The operator has a right of retention over the goods for costs and　claims which are due in connection with the transport-related services　performed by him in respect of the goods both during the period of his　responsibility for them and thereafter. However, nothing in this　Convention affects the validity under the applicable law of any　contractual arrangements extending the operator's security in the goods.
(2) The operator is not entitled to retain the goods if a sufficient　guarantee for the sum claimed is provided or if an equivalent sum is　deposited with a mutually accepted third party or with an official　institution in the State where the operator has his place of business.
(3) In order to obtain the amount necessary to satisfy his claim, the　operator is entitled, to the extent permitted by the law of the State　where the goods are located, to sell all or part of the goods over which　he has exercised the right of retention provided for in this Article. This　right to sell does not apply to containers, pallets or similar articles of　transport or packaging which are owned by a party other than the carrier　or the shipper and which are clearly marked as regards ownership except in　respect of claims by the operator for the cost of repairs of or　improvements to the containers, pallets or similar articles of transport　or packaging.
(4) Before exercising any right to sell the goods, the operator shall　make reasonable efforts to give notice of the intended sale to the owner　of the goods, the person from whom the operator received them and the　person entitled to take delivery of them from the operator. The operator　shall account appropriately for the balance of the proceeds of the sale in　excess of the sums due to the operator plus the reasonable costs of the　sale. The right of sale shall in all other respects be exercised in　accordance with the law of the State where the goods are located.
 (1)經(jīng)營(yíng)人有權扣留貨物，以便索取在他對貨物負責期間及其后期間由他對貨物進(jìn)行的與運輸有關(guān)的服務(wù)而應收取費用和索賠。但本公約的任何規定并不影響根據適用的法律關(guān)于擴大經(jīng)營(yíng)人對貨物的擔保權的任何合同安排的效力。
(2)如果對索償數額已提供足夠擔保，或如已向雙方同意的第三方或向經(jīng)營(yíng)人營(yíng)業(yè)地所在國某一官方機構存入一筆相等數額的款項，則經(jīng)營(yíng)人無(wú)權扣留貨物。
(3)為了取得滿(mǎn)足其索償所需的金額，經(jīng)營(yíng)人有權在貨物所在國法律允許范圍內出售他已行使本條所定扣押權的全部或部分貨物。這一出售權不適用于為承運人或托運人以外的一方所有、并有明確標志顯示其所有人的集裝箱、托盤(pán)或類(lèi)似的運輸或包裝物件，除非經(jīng)營(yíng)人為修理或改進(jìn)集裝箱、托盤(pán)或類(lèi)似的運輸或包裝物件所支付的費用提出的索賠。
(4)在對貨物行使任何出售權之前，經(jīng)營(yíng)人應作出合理努力將出售的意向通知貨主、將貨物交給經(jīng)營(yíng)人的人和有權向經(jīng)營(yíng)人提貨的人。經(jīng)營(yíng)人應當適當地報告出售貨物所獲收益減去經(jīng)營(yíng)人應得金額和合理的出售費用后的結余情況。出售權的所有其他方面應按照貨物所在國法律行使。
 
Article 11 Notice of loss, damage or delay第11條 滅失、損壞或遲延的通知
　(1) Unless notice of loss or damage, specifying the general nature of　　the loss or damage, is given to the operator not later than the third　working day after the day when the goods were handed over by the operator　to the person entitled to take delivery of them, the handing over is prima　facie evidence of the handing over by the operator of the goods as　described in the document issued by the operator pursuant to paragraph (1)　(b) of Article 4 or, if no such document was issued, in good condition.
(2) Where the loss or damage is not apparent, the provisions of　paragraph (1) apply correspondingly if notice is not given to the operator　within 15 consecutive days after the day when the goods reached the final　recipient, but in no case later than 60 consecutive days after the day　when the goods were handed over to the person entitled to take delivery of　them.
(3) If the operator participated in a survey or inspection of the　goods at the time when they were handed over to the person entitled to　take delivery of them, notice need not be given to the operator of loss or　damage ascertained during that survey or inspection.
(4) In the case of any actual or apprehended loss of or damage to the　goods, the operator, the carrier and the person entitled to take delivery　of the goods shall give all reasonable facilities to each other for　inspecting and tallying the goods.
(5) No compensation is payable for loss resulting from delay in　handing over the goods unless notice has been given to the operator within　21 consecutive days after the day when the goods were handed over to the　person entitled to take delivery of them.
 (1)除非在不遲于經(jīng)營(yíng)人向有權提貨人交貨之日以后的第三個(gè)工作日，即將貨物的滅失或損壞通知經(jīng)營(yíng)人，具體說(shuō)明這種滅失或損壞的一般性質(zhì)，則這一交貨就是經(jīng)營(yíng)人按其依據第4條(1)款(b)項出具的單據中所述情況交貨的初步證據，如未出具這種單據，則是按完好狀況交貨的初步證據。
(2)在滅失或損壞并不明顯的情況下，如未在貨物到達最終接受人之日以后連續15天內向經(jīng)營(yíng)人發(fā)出通知，但并不遲于向有權提貨人交貨之日后連續60天發(fā)出通知，第1款的規定相應地適用。
(3)如果經(jīng)營(yíng)人向有權提貨人交貨時(shí)參與了對貨物的檢驗或檢查，則無(wú)需就檢驗或檢查期間確定的滅失或損壞向經(jīng)營(yíng)人發(fā)出通知。
(4)在貨物實(shí)際發(fā)生滅失或損壞或有發(fā)生滅失或損壞之虞的情況下，經(jīng)營(yíng)人、承運人和有權提貨的人必須相互給予對貨物進(jìn)行檢查和清點(diǎn)的一切合理便利。(5)除非在向有權提貨的人交貨之日后連續21天內向經(jīng)營(yíng)人發(fā)出通知，否則對遲延交貨造成的損失不予補償。
 
Article 12 Limitation of actions第12條 訴訟時(shí)效
(1) Any action under this Convention is time-barred if judicial or　arbitral proceedings have not been instituted within a period of two　years.
(2) The limitation period commences:
(a) On the day the operator hands over the goods or part thereof　to, or places them at the disposal of, a person entitled to take delivery　of them, or
(b) In cases of total loss of the goods, on the day the person　entitled to make a claim receives notice from the operator that the goods　are lost, or on the day that person may treat the goods as lost in　accordance with paragraph (4) of Article 5, whichever is earlier.
(3) The day on which the limitation period commences is not included　in the period.
(4) The operator may at any time during the running of the limitation　period extend the period by a notice to the claimant. The period may be　further extended by another notice or notices.
(5) A recourse action by a carrier or another person against the　operator may be instituted even after the expiration of the limitation　period provided for in the preceding paragraphs if it is instituted within　90 days after the carrier or other person has been held liable in an　action against himself or has settled the claim upon which such action was　based and if, within a reasonable period of time after the filing of a　claim against a carrier or other person that may result in a recourse　action against the operator, notice of the filing of such a claim has been　given to the operator.
 (1)如未在兩年期間提起司法訴訟或仲裁，根據本公約的任何訴訟即失去時(shí)效。
(2)時(shí)效期限：(a)自經(jīng)營(yíng)人將全部或部分貨物交給有權提貨的人或將貨物交由他支配之日開(kāi)始，或(b)在貨物全部滅失的情況下，自有權提出索賠要求的人收到經(jīng)營(yíng)人發(fā)出的關(guān)于貨物滅失的通知之日開(kāi)始，或自該索賠人可按第5條第(4)款規定將貨物視為滅失之日開(kāi)始，兩者以先者為準。
(3)時(shí)效期限開(kāi)始之日不計入該期限內。
(4)經(jīng)營(yíng)人可在時(shí)效期限內隨時(shí)向索賠人發(fā)出通知，延長(cháng)時(shí)效期限。該期限還可通過(guò)再次或多次通知予以繼續延長(cháng)。
(5)即使在以上各款規定的時(shí)效期限屆滿(mǎn)后，承運人或另一人仍可對經(jīng)營(yíng)人提出追索訴訟，但該訴訟必須在對承運人或另一人提起的訴訟中承運人或另一人被判定承擔責任，或已解決據以提出訴訟的索賠后90天內提起，且須在對某一承運人或另一人提出的任何索賠可能導致對經(jīng)營(yíng)人提起追索訴訟時(shí)，在提出索賠后的一段合理時(shí)間內，已就提出索賠之事，向經(jīng)營(yíng)人發(fā)出了通知。
 
Article 13 Contractual stipulations第13條 合同規定
(1) Unless otherwise provided in this Convention, any stipulation in a　contract concluded by an operator or in any document signed or issued by　the operator pursuant to Article 4 is null and void to the extent that it　derogates, directly or indirectly, from the provisions of this Convention.　　The nullity of such a stipulation does not affect the validity of the　other provisions of the contract or document of which it forms a part.
(2) Notwithstanding the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the　operator may agree to increase his responsibilities and obligations under　this Convention.
 (1)除本公約另有規定外，經(jīng)營(yíng)人所簽訂的合同中或經(jīng)營(yíng)人依照第4條簽署或出具的任何單據中的任何規定，只要直接或間接減損本公約的規定，均屬無(wú)效。這種規定的無(wú)效并不影響包含這種規定在內的合同或單據中的其他條款的效力。
(2)雖有上款的規定，經(jīng)營(yíng)人仍可同意增加其根據本公約承擔的責任和義務(wù)。
 
Article 14 Interpretation of the Convention　第14條 本公約的解釋
In the interpretation of this Convention, regard is to be had to its　international character and to the need to promote uniformity in its　application.
　在解釋本公約時(shí)，應考慮到公約的國際性質(zhì)和促進(jìn)其適用的統一的必要性。
 
Article 15 International transport conventions第15條 國際運輸公約
This Convention does not modify any rights or duties which may arise　under an international convention relating to the international carriage　of goods which is binding on a State which is a party to this Convention　or under any law of such State giving effect to a convention relating to the international carriage of goods.
本公約并不改變根據對本公約締約國有約束力的關(guān)于國際貨物運輸的國際公約，或根據該國有關(guān)國際貨物運輸的公約生效的任何法律產(chǎn)生的任何權利或義務(wù)。
 
Article 16 Unit of account第16條 記帳單位
(1) The unit of account referred to in Article 6 is the Special　Drawing Right as defined by the International Monetary Fund. The amounts　mentioned in Article 6 are to be expressed in the national currency of a　State according to the value of such currency at the date of judgement or　　the date agreed upon by the parties. The equivalence between the national　currency of a State Party which is a member of the International Monetary　Fund and the Special Drawing Right is to be calculated in accordance with　the method of valuation applied by the International Monetary Fund in　effect at the date in question for its operations and transactions. The　equivalence between the national currency of a State Party which is not a　member of the International Monetary Fund and the Special Drawing Right is　to be calculated in a manner determined by that State.
(1)第6條所指記帳單位系國際貨幣基金組織確定的特別提款權。第6條所述數額應按判決之日或當事各方商定之日的本國貨幣值，以本國貨幣表示。作為國際貨幣基金組織成員國的當事國，其本國貨幣與特別提款權的換算應按照國際貨幣基金組織于該日生效的對其業(yè)務(wù)活動(dòng)和交易所適用的計算方法計算。并非國際貨幣基金組織成員國的當事國，其本國貨幣與特別提款權的換算應以該國確定的方式計算。
 
(2) The calculation mentioned in the last sentence of the preceding　paragraph is to be made in such a manner as to express in the national　currency of the State Party as far as possible the same real value for　amounts in Article 6 as is expressed there in units of account. States　Parties must communicate to the depositary the manner of calculation at　the time of signature or when depositing their instrument of ratification,　acceptance, approval or accession and whenever there is a change in the　manner of such calculation. FINAL CLAUSES
 (2)上款最后一句中所述計算方式應以該當事國本國貨幣表示最接近第6條以記帳單位表示的數額的實(shí)際價(jià)值。當事國必須在簽署公約時(shí)或交存其批準、接受、核準或加入書(shū)時(shí)，以及每當其換算方式有變動(dòng)時(shí)，將其換算方式通知保存人。最后條款
 
Article 17 Depositary　第17條 保存人
The Secretary-General of the United Nations is the depositary of this　Convention.
　聯(lián)合國秘書(shū)長(cháng)為本公約保存人。
 
Article 18 Signature, ratification, acceptance, approval, accession
第18條 簽字、批準、接受、核準、加入
(1) This Convention is open for signature at the concluding meeting of　the United Nations Conference on the Liability of Operators of Transport　Terminals in International Trade and will remain open for signature by all　States at the Headquarters of the United Nations, New York, until 30 April　1992.
(2) This Convention is subject to ratification, acceptance or approval　by the signatory States.
(3) This Convention is open to accession by all States which are not　signatory States as from the date it is open for signature.
(4) Instruments of ratification, acceptance, approval and accession　are to be deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations.
 (1)本公約在聯(lián)合國國際貿易運輸港站經(jīng)營(yíng)人賠償責任會(huì )議的閉幕會(huì )議上開(kāi)放供簽字，并在紐約聯(lián)合國總部繼續開(kāi)放供所有國家簽字，直至1992年4月30日為止。
(2)本公約須經(jīng)簽字國批準、接受或核準。
(3)本公約從開(kāi)放供簽字之日起開(kāi)放給所有非簽字國加入。(4)批準書(shū)、接受書(shū)、核準書(shū)和加入書(shū)應交存聯(lián)合國秘書(shū)長(cháng)。
 
Article 19 Application to territorial units第19條 對領(lǐng)土單位的適用
(1) If a State has two or more territorial units in which different　　systems of law are applicable in relation to the matters dealt with in　this Convention, it may, at the time of signature, ratification,　acceptance, approval or accession, declare that this Convention is to　extend to all its territorial units or only to one or more of them, and　may at any time substitute another declaration for its earlier　declaration.
(2) These declarations are to state expressly the territorial units to　which the Convention extends.
(3) If, by virtue of a declaration under this Article, this Convention　extends to one or more but not all of the territorial units of a State　Party, this Convention shall be applicable only if
(a) The transport-related services are performed by an operator　whose place of business is located in a territorial unit to which the　Convention extends, or
(b) The transport-related services are performed in a territorial　unit to which the Convention extends, or
(c) According to the rules of private international law, the　transport-related services are governed by the law in force in a　territorial unit to which the Convention extends.
(4) If a State makes no declaration under paragraph (1) of this　Article, the Convention is to extend to all territorial units of that　State
 (1)如果一國擁有兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的領(lǐng)土單位，而各領(lǐng)土單位對公約所規定的事項適用不同的法律制度，則該國可在簽字、批準、接受、核準或加入時(shí)聲明本公約適用于該國全部領(lǐng)土單位或僅適用于其中的一個(gè)或數個(gè)領(lǐng)土單位，并且可以隨時(shí)提出另一聲明來(lái)取代其以前所做的聲明。
(2)此種聲明應明確地說(shuō)明適用本公約的領(lǐng)土單位。
(3)如果根據按本條作出的一項聲明，本公約適用于一締約國的一個(gè)或數個(gè)，但不是全部領(lǐng)土單位，則本公約僅在下述情況下適用：(a)與運輸有關(guān)的服務(wù)系由其營(yíng)業(yè)地位于本公約適用的領(lǐng)土單位內的某一經(jīng)營(yíng)人來(lái)進(jìn)行，或者(b)與運輸有關(guān)的服務(wù)系在本公約適用的某一領(lǐng)土單位內進(jìn)行，或者(c)按照國際私法的規定，與運輸有關(guān)的服務(wù)須受本公約適用的領(lǐng)土單位的現行法律的約束。
(4)如果一國家并沒(méi)有按照本條第(1)款做出聲明，則本公約適用于該國所有領(lǐng)土單位。
 
.Article 20 Effect of declaration第20條 聲明的生效
(1) Declarations made under Article 19 at the time of signature are　subject to confirmation upon ratification, acceptance or approval.
(2) Declarations and confirmations of declarations are to be in　writing and to be formally notified to the depositary.
(3) A declaration takes effect simultaneously with the entry into　force of this Convention in respect of the State concerned. However, a　declaration of which the depositary receives formal notification after　such entry into force takes effect on the first day of the month following　the expiration of six months after the date of its receipt by the　depositary.
(4) Any State which makes a declaration under Article 19 may withdraw　it at any time by a formal notification in writing addressed to the　depositary. Such withdrawal takes effect on the first day of the month　following the expiration of six months after the date of the receipt of　the notification by the depositary.
 (1)按第19條規定在簽字時(shí)作出的聲明，須在批準、接受或核準時(shí)加以確認。
(2)聲明和聲明的確認，須以書(shū)面提出，并正式通知保存人。
(3)聲明在本公約對有關(guān)國家開(kāi)始生效時(shí)同時(shí)生效。但是，保存人在公約對有關(guān)國家生效后收到正式通知的聲明，則于保存人收到聲明之日起滿(mǎn)六個(gè)月后的第一個(gè)月第一日起生效。
(4)按第19條規定作出聲明的任何國家可以隨時(shí)用書(shū)面正式通知保存人撤回該項聲明。此種撤回于保存人收到通知之日起滿(mǎn)六個(gè)月后的第一個(gè)月第一日起生效。
 
 
Article 21 Reservations　第21條 保 留
No reservations may be made to this Convention.
　對本公約不得作任何保留。
 
Article 22 Entry into force第22條 生 效
(1) This Convention enters into force on the first day of the month　following the expiration of one year from the date of deposit of the fifth　instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession.
(2) For each State which becomes a Contracting State to this　Convention after the date of the deposit of the fifth instrument of　ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, this Convention enters　into force on the first day of the month following the expiration of one　year after the date of the deposit of the appropriate instrument on behalf　of that State.
(3) Each State Party shall apply the provisions of this Convention to　transport-related services with respect to goods taken in charge by the　operator on or after the date of the entry into force of this Convention　in respect of that State.
 (1)本公約在第五件批準書(shū)、接受書(shū)、核準書(shū)或加入書(shū)交存之日起滿(mǎn)一年后的第一個(gè)月第一日起生效。
(2)對于在第五件批準書(shū)、接受書(shū)、核準書(shū)或加入書(shū)交存之日后始成為本公約國的締約國，本公約在以該國名義交存適當文書(shū)之日起滿(mǎn)一年后的第一個(gè)月第一日生效。
(3)各締約國應將本公約的規定適用于經(jīng)營(yíng)人在本公約對該國生效之日或生效后所接管的貨物可提供的與運輸有關(guān)的服務(wù)。
 
Article 23 Revision and amendment第23條 修訂和修正
(1) At the request of not less than one third of the States Parties to　this Convention, the depositary shall convene a conference of the　Contracting States for revising or amending it.
(2) Any instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession　deposited after the entry into force of an amendment to this Convention is　deemed to apply to the Convention as amended.
 (1)經(jīng)本公約至少三分之一參加國的要求，保存人應召開(kāi)締約國會(huì )議，以修訂或修正公約。
(2)在本公約的一項修正案生效后交存的任何批準書(shū)、接受書(shū)、核準書(shū)或加入書(shū)，視為適用于修正的公約。
 
Article 24 Revision of limitation amounts第24條 限額的修訂
(1) At the request of at least one quarter of the States Parties, the　depositary shall convene a meeting of a Committee composed of a　representative from each Contracting State to consider increasing or　decreasing the amounts in Article 6.
(2) If this Convention enters into force more than five years after it　was opened for signature, the depositary shall convene a meeting of the　Committee within the first year after it enters into force.
(3) The meeting of the Committee shall take place on the occasion and　at the location of the next session of the United Nations Commission on　International Trade Law.
 
　　(4) In determining whether the limits should be amended, and if so, by　what amount, the following criteria, determined on an international basis,　and any other criteria considered to be relevant, shall be taken into　consideration:
(a) The amount by which the limits of liability in any　transport-related convention have been amended;
(b) The value of goods handled by operators;
(c) The cost of transport-related services;
(d) Insurance rates, including for cargo insurance, liability　insurance for operators and insurance covering job-related injuries to　workmen;
(e) The average level of damages awarded against operators for　loss of or damage to goods or delay in handing over goods; and
(f) The costs of electricity, fuel and other utilities.
 
(5) Amendments shall be adopted by the Committee by a two-thirds　majority of its members present and voting.
(6) No amendment of the limits of liability under this Article may be　considered less than five years from the date on which this Convention was　opened for signature.
(7) Any amendment adopted in accordance with paragraph (5) shall be　notified by the depositary to all Contracting States. The amendment is　deemed to have been accepted at the end of a period of 18 months after it　has been notified, unless within that period not less than one third of　the States that were States Parties at the time of the adoption of the　amendment by the Committee have communicated to the depositary that they　do not accept the amendment. An amendment deemed to have been accepted in　accordance with this paragraph enters into force for all States Parties 18　months after its acceptance.
(8) A State Party which has not accepted an amendment is nevertheless　bound by it, unless such State denounces the present Convention at least　one month before the amendment enters into force. Such denunciation takes　effect when the amendment enters into force.
(9) When an amendment has been adopted in accordance with paragraph (5) but the 18month period for its acceptance has not yet expired, a State　which becomes a State Party to this Convention during that period is bound　by the amendment if it enters into force. A State which becomes a State　Party after that period is bound by any amendment which has been accepted　　in accordance with paragraph (7).
(10) The applicable limit of liability is that which, in accordance with the preceding paragraphs, is in effect on the date of the occurrence which caused the loss, damage or delay
 (1)在有至少四分之一的締約國提出要求時(shí)，保存人應召開(kāi)由每一締約國各派一名代表組成的委員會(huì )的會(huì )議，審議減少或增加第6條所述的限額。
(2)如果本公約在其開(kāi)放供簽字后五年以上才生效，保存人應在其生效后一年內召開(kāi)委員會(huì )會(huì )議。
(3)該委員會(huì )會(huì )議應在聯(lián)合國國際貿易法委員會(huì )下一屆會(huì )議的時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)舉行。
(4)在決定應否修改限額，以及在決定予以修改而確定增減數額時(shí)，應考慮到國際上確定的下列標準以及認為有關(guān)的其他標準：
(a)任何與運輸有關(guān)的公約中經(jīng)修訂的限額的數額;
(b)經(jīng)營(yíng)人處理的貨物的價(jià)值;
(c)與運輸有關(guān)的服務(wù)費用;
(d)保險費率，其中包括貨物保險、經(jīng)營(yíng)人的責任保險以及工人工傷保險;
(e)就貨物滅失或損壞或交貨遲延問(wèn)題、判罰經(jīng)營(yíng)人賠償的平均數額;以及
(f)電力、燃料及其他公用事業(yè)的費用。
(5)修正案應由委員會(huì )以出席并參加表決成員三分之二的多數通過(guò)。
(6)自本公約開(kāi)放供簽字之日起，在不到五年的期間內，不考慮根據本條提出的有關(guān)賠償責任限額的任何修正案。
(7)按照第(5)款通過(guò)的任何修正案，應由保存人通知所有締約國。在通知修正案后的18個(gè)月期限結束時(shí);修正案即視為已獲接受，除非在此期限內，在委員會(huì )通過(guò)該修正案時(shí)已成為締約國的國家中至少有三分之一的國家通知保存人表示不接受該修正案。按照本款視為已獲接受的修正案于其被接受后滿(mǎn)18個(gè)月時(shí)對所有的締約國生效。
(8)不接受該修正案的締約國亦得受其約束，除非該國至少在修正案生效前一個(gè)月宣布退出本公約。這種退約在修正案生效時(shí)生效。
(9)在一項修正已按照第(5)款通過(guò)但其18個(gè)月的接受期尚未屆滿(mǎn)的時(shí)間內成為本公約締約國的國家，均在修正案生效時(shí)受該修正案的約束。在此期間限后成為本公約締約國的國家受到按照第(7)款已獲接受的任何修正案的約束。
(10)適用的賠償責任限額，應為按照以上各款于導致滅失、損壞或遲延的事故發(fā)生之日有效的限額。
 
.Article 25 Denunciation第25條 退 出
(1) A State Party may denounce this Convention at any time by means of　a notification in writing addressed to the depositary.
(2) Subject to paragraph (8) of Article 24, the denunciation takes　effect on the first day of the month following the expiration of one year　after the notification is received by the depositary. Where a longer　period is specified in the notification, the denunciation takes effect　upon the expiration of such longer period after the notification is　received by the depositary.　DONE AT VIENNA, this nineteenth day of April one thousand nine hundred　and ninety-one, in a single original, of which the Arabic, Chinese,　English, French, Russian and Spanish texts are equally authentic.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF the undersigned plenipotentiaries, being duly　authorized by their respective Governments, have signed the present　Convention.
 (1)締約國可隨時(shí)以書(shū)面通知保存人退出本公約。
(2)根據第24條第(8)款，退出將于保存人收到通知之日起滿(mǎn)一年后的第一個(gè)月第一日起生效。如通知內規定一段更長(cháng)時(shí)間，則退出將于保存人收到通知后在該段更長(cháng)期間屆滿(mǎn)時(shí)起生效。
1991年4月19日訂于維也納，正本一份，其阿拉伯文本、中文本、英文本、法文本、俄文本和西班牙文本具有同等效力。下列全權代表，經(jīng)各自政府正式授權，特簽署本公約，以昭信守。