SECTION 8: CONTROL OF ANTI-COMPETITIVE PRACTICES IN CONTRACTUAL
LICENCES   第8節：在契約許可中反競爭做法的控制
 
Article 40第40條
1. Members agree that some licensing practices or conditions pertaining to intellectual property rights which restrain competition may have adverse effects on trade and may impede the transfer and dissemination of technology.
各成員同意，一些限制競爭的有關(guān)知識產(chǎn)權的許可做法或條件可對貿易產(chǎn)生不利影響，并會(huì )妨礙技術(shù)的轉讓和傳播。
 
2. Nothing in this Agreement shall prevent Members from specifying in their legislation licensing practices or conditions that may in particular cases constitute an abuse of intellectual property rights having an adverse effect on competition in the relevant market. As provided above，a Member may adopt，consistently with the other provisions of this Agreement，appropriate measures to prevent or control such practices，which may include for example exclusive grantback conditions，conditions preventing challenges to validity and coercive package licensing，in the light of the relevant laws and regulations of that Member.
本協(xié)定的任何規定均不應阻止各成員在其立法中明確規定在特定情況下可構成對知識產(chǎn)權的濫用并對相關(guān)市場(chǎng)中的競爭產(chǎn)生不利影響的許可做法或條件。如以上所規定的，一成員在與本協(xié)定其他規定相符的條件下，可依據該成員的有關(guān)法律和規章，采取適當的措施以阻止或控制這類(lèi)做法，包括諸如排他性的返授條件，阻止對許可效力提出異議的條件和強制性一攬子許可等。
 
3. Each Member shall enter，upon request，into consultations with any other Member which has cause to believe that an intellectual property right owner that is a national or domiciliary of the Member to which the request for consultations has been addressed is undertaking practices in violation of the requesting Member's laws and regulations on the subject matter of this Section，and which wishes to secure compliance with such legislation，without prejudice to any action under the law and to the full freedom of an ultimate decision of either Member. The Member addressed shall accord full and sympathetic consideration to，and shall afford adequate opportunity for，consultations with the requesting Member，and shall cooperate through supply of publicly available non-confidential information of relevance to the matter in question and of other information available to the Member，subject to domestic law and to the conclusion of mutually satisfactory agreements concerning the safeguarding of its confidentiality by the requesting Member.
一經(jīng)請求，每一成員應與任何其他成員進(jìn)行磋商，只要該成員有理由認為，作為被提出磋商申請的成員的國民或居民的知識產(chǎn)權所有人正在采取的做法違反其關(guān)于本節內容的法律和規章，并希望在不妨害按法律采取任何行動(dòng)以及不損害任一成員作出最終決定的充分自由的情況下，使該立法得以遵守。被請求成員應對提出請求成員的磋商要求應給予充分和同情的考慮，并提供適當的機會(huì )，并在遵守國內法和就提出求成員的保障其機密性達成相互滿(mǎn)意的協(xié)議的前提下，通過(guò)提供與該事項有關(guān)的、可以公開(kāi)獲得的非機密信息和該成員可獲得的其他信息方面予以合作。
 
4. A Member whose nationals or domiciliaries are subject to proceedings in another Member concerning alleged violation of that other Member's laws and regulations on the subject matter of this Section shall，upon request，be granted an opportunity for consultations by the other Member under the same conditions as those foreseen in paragraph 3.
如一成員的國民或居民在另一成員中因違反該另一成員有關(guān)本節內容的法律和規章而受到起訴，則一經(jīng)其請求，該另一成員應按與第3款預想的同樣的條件給予其磋商機會(huì )。
 
PART III  Enforcement of Intellectual Property Rights第三部分  知識產(chǎn)權的實(shí)施
SECTION 1: GENERAL OBLIGATIONS第1節：一般義務(wù)
Article 41第41條
1. Members shall ensure that enforcement procedures as specified in this Part are available under their law so as to permit effective action against any act of infringement of intellectual property rights covered by this Agreement，including expeditious remedies to prevent infringements and remedies which constitute a deterrent to further infringements. These procedures shall be applied in such a manner as to avoid the creation of barriers to legitimate trade and to provide for safeguards against their abuse.
各成員應確保在其國內法中提供本部分規定的實(shí)施程序，以便對任何侵犯本協(xié)定保護所涵蓋的知識產(chǎn)權的行為采取有效的行動(dòng)，包括分子侵權的迅速救濟措施和制止進(jìn)一步侵權的救濟措施。實(shí)施這些程序時(shí)，應避免對合法貿易造成障礙并為防止其被濫用而規定保障措施。
 
2. Procedures concerning the enforcement of intellectual property rights shall be fair and equitable. They shall not be unnecessarily complicated or costly，or entail unreasonable time-limits or unwarranted delays.
有關(guān)知識產(chǎn)權的實(shí)施程序應公平和公正。這些程序不應不必要地繁瑣或費用高昂，也不應規定不合理的時(shí)限或導致不合理的遲延。
 
3. Decisions on the merits of a case shall preferably be in writing and reasoned. They shall be made available at least to the parties to the proceeding without undue delay. Decisions on the merits of a case shall be based only on evidence in respect of which parties were offered the opportunity to be heard.
對一案件是非曲直的裁決，最好采取書(shū)面形式并陳述理由。至少應在合理的時(shí)間內告知訴訟當事方，而又不造成在正當的延遲。對一案件是非曲直的裁決只應根據各方有機會(huì )聽(tīng)取的證據而定。
 
4. Parties to a proceeding shall have an opportunity for review by a judicial authority of final administrative decisions and，subject to jurisdictional provisions in a Member's law concerning the importance of a case，of at least the legal aspects of initial judicial decisions on the merits of a case. However，there shall be no obligation to provide an opportunity for review of acquittals in criminal cases.
訴訟當事方應有機會(huì )要求司法當局對行政裁決進(jìn)行審查，并在遵守一成員法律中有關(guān)案
件重要性的司法管轄權規定的前提下，至少對案件是非曲直的初步司法裁決的法律方面進(jìn)行審查。然而，對刑事案件中的無(wú)罪判決不應有義務(wù)提供審查機會(huì )。
 
5. It is understood that this Part does not create any obligation to put in place a judicial system for the enforcement of intellectual property rights distinct from that for the enforcement of law in general，nor does it affect the capacity of Members to enforce their law in general. Nothing in this Part creates any obligation with respect to the distribution of resources as between enforcement of intellectual property rights and the enforcement of law in general.
據理解，本部分并不產(chǎn)生任何建立與一般法律實(shí)施制度不同的知識產(chǎn)權實(shí)施制度的義務(wù)，也不影響各成員實(shí)施一般法律的能力。在實(shí)施知識產(chǎn)權與實(shí)施一般法律之間的資源分配方面，本部分的任何規定不產(chǎn)生任何義務(wù)。
 
SECTION 2: CIVIL AND ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES AND REMEDIES
第2節：民事和行政程序及救濟
 
Article 42  Fair and Equitable Procedures
第42條  公平和公正的程序
 
Members shall make available to right holders11 civil judicial procedures concerning the enforcement of any intellectual property right covered by this Agreement. Defendants shall have the right to written notice which is timely and contains sufficient detail，including the basis of the claims. Parties shall be allowed to be represented by independent legal counsel，and procedures shall not impose overly burdensome requirements concerning mandatory personal appearances. All parties to such procedures shall be duly entitled to substantiate their claims and to present all relevant evidence. The procedure shall provide a means to identify and protect confidential information，unless this would be contrary to existing constitutional requirements.
各成員應使權利持有人11獲得有關(guān)實(shí)施本協(xié)定涵蓋的任何知識產(chǎn)權的民事司法程序。被告應有權獲得及時(shí)和包含足夠詳細的書(shū)面通知，包括權利請求的依據。應允許當事方由獨立的法律顧問(wèn)代表出庭，并且程序不應規定強制本人出庭的過(guò)重要求。該程序的所有當事方均應有權陳述其權利請求和出示所有相關(guān)證據。該程序應提供一種識別和保護機密信息的辦法，除非這違反現行憲法的要求。
 
Article 43  Evidence第43條  證據
1. The judicial authorities shall have the authority，where a party has presented reasonably available evidence sufficient to support its claims and has specified evidence relevant to substantiation of its claims which lies in the control of the opposing party，to order that this evidence be produced by the opposing party，subject in appropriate cases to conditions which ensure the protection of confidential information.
如若一當事方已出示可合理獲得的足以支持其權利請求的證據，并表明與陳述其權利請求有關(guān)的證據在對方控制之下時(shí)，則司法當局在遵守適當情況下確保機密信息受到保護的條件下，命令對方出示該證據。
 
2. In cases in which a party to a proceeding voluntarily and without good reason refuses access to，or otherwise does not provide necessary information within a reasonable period，or significantly impedes a procedure relating to an enforcement action，a Member may accord judicial authorities the authority to make preliminary and final determinations， affirmative or negative，on the basis of the information presented to them，including the complaint or the allegation presented by the party adversely affected by the denial of access to information, subject to providing the parties an opportunity to be heard on the allegations or evidence.
如若一訴訟方在合理期限內自行且我正當理由拒絕提供或以其他方式不提供必要的信息，或明顯阻礙與實(shí)施某一行動(dòng)有關(guān)的程序，則一成員可授權司法當局在向其出示信息的基礎上，作出肯定或否定的初步或最終裁決，包括由于被拒絕提供信息而受到不利影響的當事方提出的申訴或指控，但應向各當事方提供機會(huì )，就指控或證據進(jìn)行聽(tīng)證。
 
Article 44  Injunctions第44條  禁令
1. The judicial authorities shall have the authority to order a party to desist from an infringement，inter alia to prevent the entry into the channels of commerce in their jurisdiction of imported goods that involve the infringement of an intellectual property right，immediately after customs clearance of such goods. Members are not obliged to accord such authority in respect of protected subject matter acquired or ordered by a person prior to knowing or having reasonable grounds to know that dealing in such subject matter would entail the infringement of an intellectual property right.
司法當局應有權責令一當事方停止侵權，特別是應有權在清關(guān)后立即阻止那些涉及知識產(chǎn)權侵權行為的進(jìn)口商品進(jìn)入其管轄范圍內的商業(yè)渠道。如若這些受保護的客體是在某人知道或有合理的根據知道從事這些客體的交易會(huì )構成知識產(chǎn)權侵權之前獲得或訂購的，則各成員無(wú)義務(wù)給予這種授權。
 
2. Notwithstanding the other provisions of this Part and provided that the provisions of Part II specifically addressing use by governments，or by third parties authorized by a government，without the authorization of the right holder are complied with，Members may limit the remedies available against such use to payment of remuneration in accordance with subparagraph (h) of Article 31. In other cases，the remedies under this Part shall apply or，where these remedies are inconsistent with a Member's law，declaratory judgments and adequate compensation shall be available.
盡管有本部分其他條款的規定，但只要符合第二部分專(zhuān)門(mén)針對未經(jīng)權利持有人授權的政府使用或政府授權的第三方使用而作的規定，各成員可將針對可使用的救濟限于根據第31條(h)項應支付的報酬。在其他情況下，應適用本部分項下的救濟，或如若這類(lèi)救濟與一成員的法律不符，則應采取公告式判決，并應給予適當的補償。
 
Article 45  Damages第45條  損害賠償金
1. The judicial authorities shall have the authority to order the infringer to pay the right holder damages adequate to compensate for the injury the right holder has suffered because of an infringement of that person's intellectual property right by an infringer who knowingly，or with reasonable grounds to know, engaged in infringing activity.
因為知道或有合理的理由知道其正在從事侵權活動(dòng)，從而侵犯該人知識產(chǎn)權的侵權人，司法當局應有權責令其向權利持有人支付適當的損害賠償金以補償所遭受的損失。
 
2. The judicial authorities shall also have the authority to order the infringer to pay the right holder expenses，which may include appropriate attorney's fees. In appropriate cases， Members may authorize the judicial authorities to order recovery of profits and/or payment of pre-established damages even where the infringer did not knowingly，or with reasonable grounds to know, engage in infringing activity.
司法當局還應有權責令侵權人向權利人支付有關(guān)費用，其中可包括相應的律師費用。在適當的情況下，即使侵權人不知道或沒(méi)有合理的理由知道他正在從事侵權活動(dòng)，各成員也可授權司法當局責令其退還利潤和／或支付法定的損害賠償金。
 
Article 46  Other Remedies第46條  其他救濟
In order to create an effective deterrent to infringement，the judicial authorities shall have the authority to order that goods that they have found to be infringing be，without compensation of any sort，disposed of outside the channels of commerce in such a manner as to avoid any harm caused to the right holder，or，unless this would be contrary to existing constitutional requirements，destroyed. The judicial authorities shall also have the authority to order that materials and implements the predominant use of which has been in the creation of the infringing goods be，without compensation of any sort， disposed of outside the channels of commerce in such a manner as to minimize the risks of further infringements. In considering such requests, the need for proportionality between the seriousness of the infringement and the remedies ordered as well as the interests of third parties shall be taken into account. In regard to counterfeit trademark goods，the simple removal of the trademark unlawfully affixed shall not be sufficient，other than in exceptional cases，to permit release of the goods into the channels of commerce.
為了有效制止侵權，司法當局應有權在不給予任何補償的情況下，責令將已被發(fā)現侵權的貨物清除出商業(yè)渠道，以避免對權利持有人造成任何損害，或下令將其銷(xiāo)毀，除非這樣做違背現行憲法的要求。司法當局還應有權在不給予任何補償的情況下，責令將主要用于制造侵權貨物的材料和工具清除出商業(yè)渠道，以便將發(fā)生進(jìn)一步侵權的風(fēng)險減少到最低限度。在考慮這類(lèi)請求時(shí)，應考慮侵權的嚴重程度與給予的救濟及第三方利益之間的均衡性。對于假冒商標貨物，除了例外情況，僅除去非法貼上的商標并不足以允許該貨物放行進(jìn)入商業(yè)渠道。
 
Article 47  Right of Information第47條  知情權
Members may provide that the judicial authorities shall have the authority，unless this would be out of proportion to the seriousness of the infringement，to order the infringer to inform the right holder of the identity of third persons involved in the production and distribution of the infringing goods or services and of their channels of distribution.
各成員可規定，司法當局應有權責令侵權人告知權利持有人有關(guān)參與生產(chǎn)和分配侵權貨物或服務(wù)過(guò)程中第三方的身份及其經(jīng)銷(xiāo)渠道，除非這種做與侵權的嚴重程度不相稱(chēng)。
 
Article 48  Indemnification of the Defendant第48條  對被告的賠償
1.The judicial authorities shall have the authority to order a party at whose request measures were taken and who has abused enforcement procedures to provide to a party wrongfully enjoined or restrained adequate compensation for the injury suffered because of such abuse. The judicial authorities shall also have the authority to order the applicant to pay the defendant expenses，which may include appropriate attorney's fees.
如因一當事方的請求而采取措施且該當事方濫用實(shí)施程序，則司法當局應有權責令該當事方向受到錯誤禁止或限制的當事方就因這種濫用而遭受的損害提供適當的補償。司法當局還應有權責令該申請當事方向被告支付包括適當的律師費用在內的費用。
 
2.In respect of the administration of any law pertaining to the protection or enforcement of intellectual property rights，Members shall only exempt both public authorities and officials from liability to appropriate remedial measures where actions are taken or intended in good faith in the course of the administration of that law.
就有關(guān)知識產(chǎn)權的任何保護或實(shí)施的法律而言，只有在管理該法律過(guò)程中采取或擬采取的行動(dòng)是出于善意的情況下，各成員才可免除公共當局和其官員應承擔的采取適當救濟措施的責任。
 
Article 49  Administrative Procedures第49條  行政程序
To the extent that any civil remedy can be ordered as a result of administrative procedures on the merits of a case，such procedures shall conform to principles equivalent in substance to those set forth in this Section.
如由于行政程序對案件是非曲直的裁決而導致責令任何民事救濟，則此種程序應符合與本節規定的原則在實(shí)質(zhì)上相當的原則。
 
SECTION 3: PROVISIONAL MEASURES第3節：臨時(shí)措施
Article 50第50條
1.The judicial authorities shall have the authority to order prompt and effective provisional measures：
司法當局有權責令采取迅速有效的臨時(shí)措施以便：
 
(a)to prevent an infringement of any intellectual property right from occurring，and in particular to prevent the entry into the channels of commerce in their jurisdiction of goods， including imported goods immediately after customs clearance；
防止任何侵犯知識產(chǎn)權行為發(fā)生，特別是防止貨物進(jìn)入其管轄范圍內的商業(yè)渠道，包括
結關(guān)后立即進(jìn)入的進(jìn)口貨物；
(b)to preserve relevant evidence in regard to the alleged infringement.
保存關(guān)于被指控侵權的相關(guān)證據。
 
2.The judicial authorities shall have the authority to adopt provisional measures inaudita altera parte where appropriate，in particular where any delay is likely to cause irreparable harm to the right holder，or where there is a demonstrable risk of evidence being destroyed.
在適當時(shí)，司法當局應有權采取不作預先通知的臨時(shí)措施，特別是當任何遲延很可能對權利持有人造成難以彌補的損害之時(shí)，或當有證據被銷(xiāo)毀的顯而易見(jiàn)的風(fēng)險之時(shí)。
 
3.The judicial authorities shall have the authority to require the applicant to provide any reasonably available evidence in order to satisfy themselves with a sufficient degree of certainty that the applicant is the right holder and that the applicant's right is being infringed or that such infringement is imminent，and to order the applicant to provide a security or equivalent assurance sufficient to protect the defendant and to prevent abuse.
司法當局應有權要求申請人提供任何可合理獲得的證據，以便使司法當局有足夠程度的確定性，確信該申請人是權利持有人，且該申請人的權利正在受到侵犯或這種侵權已迫在眉睫，并有權責令申請人提供足以保護被告和防止濫用的保證金或其他相當的保護。
 
4.Where provisional measures have been adopted inaudita altera parte，the parties affected shall be given notice，without delay after the execution of the measures at the latest. A review，including a right to be heard，shall take place upon request of the defendant with a view to deciding，within a reasonable period after the notification of the measures，whether these measures shall be modified，revoked or confirmed.
如果已經(jīng)采取不作預先通知的臨時(shí)措施，則至遲應在執行該措施后即毫不遲延地通知受影響的各方。應被告的請求，應對這些措施進(jìn)行審查，包括有權進(jìn)行聽(tīng)證，以期在有關(guān)措施被告知各方后一段合理的期限內，決定這些措施是否應予修改、撤銷(xiāo)或確認。
 
5.The applicant may be required to supply other information necessary for the identification of the goods concerned by the authority that will execute the provisional measures.
執行臨時(shí)措施的當局可要求申請人提供識別有關(guān)貨物的其他必要信息。
 
6.Without prejudice to paragraph 4，provisional measures taken on the basis of paragraphs 1 and 2 shall，upon request by the defendant，be revoked or otherwise cease to have effect，if proceedings leading to a decision on the merits of the case are not initiated within a reasonable period, to be determined by the judicial authority ordering the measures where a Member's law so permits or，in the absence of such a determination， not to exceed 20 working days or 31 calendar days, whichever is the longer.
在不損害第4款的情況下，如若導致根據案件是非曲直作出裁決的程序沒(méi)有在一合理的期限內啟動(dòng)，則應被告的請求，根據第1款和第2款采取的臨時(shí)措施應予以撤銷(xiāo)或否則終止生效，該合理期限在一成員法律允許的情況下，由責令采取該措施的司法當局確定，如若未作出此確定，則不超過(guò)20個(gè)工作日或31個(gè)日歷日，以時(shí)間長(cháng)者為準
 
7.Where the provisional measures are revoked or where they lapse due to any act or omission by the applicant，or where it is subsequently found that there has been no infringement or threat of infringement of an intellectual property right，the judicial authorities shall have the authority to order the applicant，upon request of the defendant， to provide the defendant appropriate compensation for any injury caused by these measures.
如若臨時(shí)措施被撤銷(xiāo)或由于申請人的任何作為或不作為而失效，或如若隨后發(fā)現不存在知識產(chǎn)權侵權或侵權的威脅，則應被告請求，司法當局應有權責令申請人向被告就這些措施造成受的任何損害提供適當補償。
 
8.To the extent that any provisional measure can be ordered as a result of administrative procedures，such procedures shall conform to principles equivalent in substance to those set forth in this Section.
在作為行政程序的結果可責令采取任何臨時(shí)措施的限度內，這種程序應符合與本節規定的原則在實(shí)質(zhì)上相當的原則。
 
SECTION 4: SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS RELATED TO BORDER MEASURES 12
第4節：與邊境措施相關(guān)的特別要求12
 
Article 51  Suspension of Release by Customs Authorities
第51條  海關(guān)當局中止放行
 
Members shall，in conformity with the provisions set out below，adopt procedures13 to enable a right holder, who has valid grounds for suspecting that the importation of counterfeit trademark or pirated copyright goods14 may take place，to lodge an applicationin writing with competent authorities, administrative or judicial，for the suspension by the customs authorities of the release into free circulation of such goods. Members may enable such an application to be made in respect of goods which involve other infringements of intellectual property rights，provided that the requirements of this Section are met. Members may also provide for corresponding procedures concerning the suspension by the customs authorities of the release of infringing goods destined for exportation from their territories.counterfeit trademark or pirated copyright goods may take place，to lodge an application in writing with competent authorities，administrative or judicial，for the suspension by the customs authorities of the release into free circulation of such goods. Members may enable such an application to be made in respect of goods which involve other infringements of intellectual property rights，provided that the requirements of this Section are met. Members may also provide for corresponding procedures concerning the suspension by the customs authorities of the release of infringing goods destined for exportation from their territories.
各成員應在符合下述規定的情況下，采取程序13使有正當理由懷疑假冒商標或盜版貨物14的進(jìn)口有可能發(fā)生的權利持有人，能夠向行政或司法主管當局提出書(shū)面申請，要求海關(guān)當局中止放行這些貨物進(jìn)入自由流通。只要符合本節的要求，各成員可針對涉及其他知識產(chǎn)權侵權行為的貨物提出這種申請。關(guān)于海關(guān)當局中止放行從其領(lǐng)土出口的侵權貨物，各成員也可規定相應的程序。
 
Article 52  Application第52條  申請
 Any right holder initiating the procedures under Article 51 shall be required to provide adequate evidence to satisfy the competent authorities that，under the laws of the country of importation，there is prima facie an infringement of the right holder's intellectual property right and to supply a sufficiently detailed description of the goods to make them readily recognizable by the customs authorities. The competent authorities shall inform the applicant within a reasonable period whether they have accepted the application and， where determined by the competent authorities，the period for which the customs authorities will take action.
要求任何啟動(dòng)第51條程序的權利持有人提供充分的證據，以使主管當局相信，根據進(jìn)口國的法律，可初步推定權利持有人的知識產(chǎn)權受到侵犯，并提供有關(guān)貨物的足夠詳細說(shuō)明以便海關(guān)當局容易辨認。主管當局應在一合理期限內告知申請人是否已受理其申請，如主管當局已確定海關(guān)當局采取行動(dòng)的時(shí)限，則應將該時(shí)限通知申請人。
 
Article 53  Security or Equivalent Assurance第53條  擔�；蛲�等保證
1.The competent authorities shall have the authority to require an applicant to provide a security or equivalent assurance sufficient to protect the defendant and the competent authorities and to prevent abuse. Such security or equivalent assurance shall not unreasonably deter recourse to these procedures.
主管當局應有權要求申請人提供足以保護被告和主管當局并防止濫用的擔�；蛲�等保證。
這種擔�；蛲�等保證不應不合理地妨礙訴諸這些程序。
 
2.Where pursuant to an application under this Section the release of goods involving industrial designs，patents，layout-designs or undisclosed information into free circulation has been suspended by customs authorities on the basis of a decision other than by a judicial or other independent authority，and the period provided for in Article 55 has expired without the granting of provisional relief by the duly empowered authority，and provided that all other conditions for importation have been complied with，the owner， importer，or consignee of such goods shall be entitled to their release on the posting of a security in an amount sufficient to protect the right holder for any infringement. Payment of such security shall not prejudice any other remedy available to the right holder，it being understood that the security shall be released if the right holder fails to pursue the right of action within a reasonable period of time.
如按本節項下提出的申請，海關(guān)當局根據非司法或其他非獨立當局的裁決對涉及工業(yè)設計、專(zhuān)利、集成電路布圖設計或未披露信息的貨物中止放行其進(jìn)入自由流通，而第55條規定的期限獲得正當授權的當局未給予臨時(shí)救濟的情況下已到期，且只要滿(mǎn)足有關(guān)進(jìn)口的所有其他條件，則這種貨物的所有人、進(jìn)口商或收貨人有權在為任何侵權提供一份足以保護權利持有人的擔保后要求放行該貨物。這種擔保的支付不應損害對權利持有人的任何其他可獲得的救濟辦法，據理解，如若權利持有人在一合理期限內未行使訴訟權，則該擔保應予解除。
 
Article 54  Notice of Suspension第54條  中止放行的通知
The importer and the applicant shall be promptly notified of the suspension of the release of goods according to Article 51.
根據第51條對貨物的中止放行應迅速通知進(jìn)口商和申請人。
 
Article 55  Duration of Suspension第55條  中止放行的時(shí)限
If，within a period not exceeding 10 working days after the applicant has been served notice of the suspension，the customs authorities have not been informed that proceedings leading to a decision on the merits of the case have been initiated by a party other than the defendant，or that the duly empowered authority has taken provisional measures prolonging the suspension of the release of the goods, the goods shall be released，provided that all other conditions for importation or exportation have been complied with，in appropriate cases，this time-limit may be extended by another 10 working days. If proceedings leading to a decision on the merits of the case have been
initiated，a review，including a right to be heard, shall take place upon request of the defendant with a view to deciding，within a reasonable period，whether these measures shall be modified，revoked or confirmed. Notwithstanding the above，where the suspension of the release of goods is carried out or continued in accordance with a provisional judicial measure，the provisions of paragraph 6 of Article 50 shall apply.
如若向申請人送達中止放行的通知后不超過(guò)10個(gè)工作日的期限內，海關(guān)當局未被告知，并非被告的一當事方已啟動(dòng)該案是非曲直裁決的訴訟，或未被告正當授權的當局已采取臨時(shí)措施延長(cháng)貨物中止放行的期限，則該貨物應予以放行，只要有關(guān)進(jìn)口或出口的其他所有條件都已滿(mǎn)足；在適當情況下，這一時(shí)限可以再延長(cháng)10個(gè)工作日。如果已啟動(dòng)該案是非曲直裁決的訴訟，則應被告請求，應進(jìn)行審查，包括聽(tīng)證權，以便在一合理期限內決定這些措施是否應予以修改、撤銷(xiāo)或確認。盡管有上述規定，但在根據臨時(shí)司法措施中止或繼續中止貨物的放行，則應適用第50條第6款的規定。
 
Article 56  Indemnification of the Importer and of the Owner of the Goods
第56條  對進(jìn)口商和貨物所有權人的賠償
Relevant authorities shall have the authority to order the applicant to pay the importer，the consignee and the owner of the goods appropriate compensation for any injury caused to them through the wrongful detention of goods or through the detention of goods released pursuant to Article 55.
有關(guān)當局應有權責令申請人向因被錯誤地扣押的貨物或因扣押按第55條予以放行的貨物而造成的損失，向進(jìn)口商、收貨人和貨物所有權人支付適當的補償。
 
Article 57  Right of Inspection and Information第57條  檢驗和知情權
Without prejudice to the protection of confidential information，Members shall provide the competent authorities the authority to give the right holder sufficient opportunity to have any goods detained by the customs authorities inspected in order to substantiate the right holder's claims. The competent authorities shall also have authority to give the importer an equivalent opportunity to have any such goods inspected. Where a positive determination has been made on the merits of a case，Members may provide the competent authorities the authority to inform the right holder of the names and addresses of the consignor，the importer and the consignee and of the quantity of the goods in question.
在不損害保護機密信息的情況下，各成員應授權主管當局向權利持有人提供充分的機會(huì )要求
海關(guān)當局對扣押貨物進(jìn)行檢驗，以證實(shí)權利持有人的權利請求。主管當局還應有權給進(jìn)口商提供同等的機會(huì )對該貨物進(jìn)行檢驗。如對一案件的是非曲直已作出正面的確定，則各成員可授權主管當局將發(fā)貨人、進(jìn)口商和收貨人的姓名和地址以及所涉及貨物的數量告知權利持有人。
 
Article 58  Ex Officio Action第58條  依職權的行動(dòng)
Where Members require competent authorities to act upon their own initiative and to suspend the release of goods in respect of which they have acquired prima facie evidence that an intellectual property right is being infringed：
如若各成員要求主管當局主動(dòng)采取行動(dòng)，并根據其獲得的初步證據對證明一知識產(chǎn)權被侵權的貨物中止放行，則：
 
(a)the competent authorities may at any time seek from the right holder any information that may assist them to exercise these powers；
主管當局可隨時(shí)向權利持有人索取任何有助于行使這些權力的信息；
 
(b)the importer and the right holder shall be promptly notified of the suspension. Where the importer has lodged an appeal against the suspension with the competent authorities, the suspension shall be subject to the conditions，mutatis mutandis，set out at Article 55；
進(jìn)口商和權利持有人應被迅速告知中止放行的行動(dòng)，如若進(jìn)口商向主管當局對中止放行提出上訴，則中止放行應符合作必要修改后第55條所規定的條件；
 
(c)Members shall only exempt both public authorities and officials from liability to appropriate remedial measures where actions are taken or intended in good faith.
只有在采取或擬采取的行動(dòng)是出于善意的情況下，各成員才可免除公共當局和其官員應承擔的采取適當救濟措施的責任。
 
Article 59  Remedies第59條  救濟
Without prejudice to other rights of action open to the right holder and subject to the right of the defendant to seek review by a judicial authority，competent authorities shall have
the authority to order the destruction or disposal of infringing goods in accordance with the principles set out in Article 46. In regard to counterfeit trademark goods，the authorities shall not allow the re-exportation of the infringing goods in an unaltered state or subject them to a different customs procedure，other than in exceptional circumstances.
在不損害權利持有人可采取的其他訴訟權并在遵守被告有權尋求司法當局進(jìn)行審查的情況下，主管當局應有權根據第46條規定的原則責令銷(xiāo)毀或處理侵權貨物。對假冒商標貨物，當局不應允許侵權貨物在未作改變的狀態(tài)下再出口或對其適用不同的海關(guān)程序，但例外情況除外。
 
Article 60  De Minimis Imports
Members may exclude from the application of the above provisions small quantities of goods of a non-commercial nature contained in travellers' personal luggage or sent in small consignments.
第60條  少量進(jìn)口
對旅客個(gè)人行李中夾帶的或小托運件中運送的非商業(yè)性的少量貨物，各成員可排除上述規定的適用。
 
SECTION 5: CRIMINAL PROCEDURES  第5節：刑事程序
Article 61第61條
Members shall provide for criminal procedures and penalties to be applied at least in cases of wilful trademark counterfeiting or copyright piracy on a commercial scale. Remedies available shall include imprisonment and/or monetary fines sufficient to provide a deterrent，consistently with the level of penalties applied for crimes of a corresponding gravity. In appropriate cases, remedies available shall also include the seizure，forfeiture and destruction of the infringing goods and of any materials and implements the predominant use of which has been in the commission of the offence. Members may provide for criminal procedures and penalties to be applied in other cases of infringement of intellectual property rights，in particular where they are committed wilfully and on a commercial scale.
各成員應規定刑事程序和處罰，至少將其適用于具有商業(yè)規模的故意假冒商標或盜版案件�？色@得的補救應包括足以起威懾作用的監禁和／或貨幣罰金，處罰程度應與適用于同等嚴重程度的犯罪所受到的處罰程度一致。在適當情況下，可獲得的救濟還應包括扣押、沒(méi)收和銷(xiāo)毀侵權貨物和主要用于侵權活動(dòng)的任何材料和工具。各成員可規定適用于其他知識產(chǎn)權侵權案件的刑事程序和處罰，特別是故意并具有商業(yè)規模的侵權案件。
PART IV  Acquisition and maintenance of intellectual property rights and related inter-partes procedures
第四部分  知識產(chǎn)權的取得和維護及當事各方之間的相關(guān)程序
 
Article 62第62條
1.Members may require, as a condition of the acquisition or maintenance of the intellectual property rights provided for under Sections 2 through 6 of Part II，compliance with reasonable procedures and formalities. Such procedures and formalities shall be consistent with the provisions of this Agreement.
各成員可要求作為取得或維護第二部分第2節至第6節項下規定的知識產(chǎn)權一個(gè)條件，應符合合理的程序和手續。這種程序和手續應符合本協(xié)定的規定。
 
2.Where the acquisition of an intellectual property right is subject to the right being granted or registered，Members shall ensure that the procedures for grant or registration， subject to compliance with the substantive conditions for acquisition of the right，permit the granting or registration of the right within a reasonable period of time so as to avoid unwarranted curtailment of the period of protection.
如若知識產(chǎn)權的取得以該權利的給予或注冊為前提，則各成員應確保，在符合取得權利的實(shí)質(zhì)性條件的情況下，允許在一合理期限內給予或注冊該權利，以避免無(wú)端地縮短保護期限。
 
3.Article 4 of the Paris Convention (1967) shall apply mutatis mutandis to service marks.
《巴黎公約》(1967)第4條作必要修改后應適用于服務(wù)標識。
 
4.Procedures concerning the acquisition or maintenance of intellectual property rights and，where a Member's law provides for such procedures，administrative revocation and inter partes procedures such as opposition，revocation and cancellation，shall be governed by the general principles set out in paragraphs 2 and 3 of Article 41.
有關(guān)取得或維護知識產(chǎn)權的程序，當一成員的法律規定有這些程序時(shí)，行政撤銷(xiāo)和諸如異議、撤銷(xiāo)和取消等當事方之間的程序，應受第41條第2款和第3款規定的一般原則管轄。
 
5.Final administrative decisions in any of the procedures referred to under paragraph 4 shall be subject to review by a judicial or quasi-judicial authority. However，there shall be
no obligation to provide an opportunity for such review of decisions in cases of unsuccessful opposition or administrative revocation，provided that the grounds for such procedures can be the subject of invalidation procedures.
第4款項下所指的任何程序中的行政終局裁決均應由司法或準司法當局的審議。然而，在異議或行政撤銷(xiāo)不成立的情況下，無(wú)義務(wù)提供機會(huì )對這種裁決進(jìn)行審查，只要行使這種程序的根據可以成為無(wú)效程序的理由。
 
PART V  Dispute Prevention and Settlement第五部分  爭端的防止和解決
Article 63  Transparency第63條  透明度
 
1.Laws and regulations，and final judicial decisions and administrative rulings of general application，made effective by a Member pertaining to the subject matter of this Agreement (the availability，scope，acquisition，enforcement and prevention of the abuse of intellectual property rights) shall be published, or where such publication is not practicable made publicly available，in a national language，in such a manner as to enable governments and right holders to become acquainted with them. Agreements concerning the subject matter of this Agreement which are in force between the government or a governmental agency of a Member and the government or a governmental agency of another Member shall also be published.
由一成員實(shí)施的、有關(guān)本協(xié)定主題(知識產(chǎn)權的效力、范圍、取得、實(shí)施和防止濫用)的法律規章，以及普遍適用的司法終局裁決和行政裁定，應以本國語(yǔ)言予以公布，或如若此種公布不可行時(shí)，則應使之可公開(kāi)獲得，以使各政府和權利持有人對其有所了解。一成員政府或政府機構與另一成員政府或政府機構之間締結生效的有關(guān)本協(xié)定主題的協(xié)定也應予以公布。
 
2.Members shall notify the laws and regulations referred to in paragraph 1 to the Council for TRIPS in order to assist that Council in its review of the operation of this Agreement. The Council shall attempt to minimize the burden on Members in carrying out this obligation and may decide to waive the obligation to notify such laws and regulations directly to the Council if consultations with WIPO on the establishment of a common register containing these laws and regulations are successful. The Council shall also consider in this connection any action required regarding notifications pursuant to the obligations under this Agreement stemming from the provisions of Article 6ter of the Paris Convention (1967).
各成員應向TRIPS理事會(huì )通知第1款中所指的法律和規章，以幫助理事會(huì )審議本協(xié)定的實(shí)施。理事會(huì )應設法將各成員履行這項義務(wù)的負擔減輕到最低程度，并且如若與WIPO就建立法律和規章的共同登記處的磋商獲得成功，則可決定豁免直接向理事會(huì )這些通知法律和規章的義務(wù)。在這方面，理事會(huì )還應考慮就源自《巴黎公約》(1967)第6條之三的規定、在本協(xié)定項下產(chǎn)生的通知義務(wù)需要采取的任何行動(dòng)。
 
3.Each Member shall be prepared to supply, in response to a written request from another Member，information of the sort referred to in paragraph 1. A Member，having reason to believe that a specific judicial decision or administrative ruling or bilateral agreement in the area of intellectual property rights affects its rights under this Agreement，may also request in writing to be given access to or be informed in sufficient detail of such specific judicial decisions or administrative rulings or bilateral agreements.
每一成員應準備按另一成員的書(shū)面請求提供第1款所指的信息。一成員如有理由認為某一在知識產(chǎn)權領(lǐng)域的具體司法裁決、行政裁定或雙邊協(xié)議影響其在本協(xié)定項下的權利，也可書(shū)面請求為其提供或向其充分告知這些具體司法裁決、行政裁定或雙邊協(xié)議的充足細節。
 
4.Nothing in paragraphs 1，2 and 3 shall require Members to disclose confidential information which would impede law enforcement or otherwise be contrary to the public interest or would prejudice the legitimate commercial interests of particular enterprises， public or private.
第1款、第2款和第3款中的任何規定均不應要求各成員披露那些會(huì )妨礙其執法或違背公共利益或損害無(wú)論是公營(yíng)還是私營(yíng)的特定企業(yè)的合法商業(yè)利益的機密信息。
 
Article 64  Dispute Settlement第64條  爭端解決
1.The provisions of Articles XXII and XXIII of GATT 1994 as elaborated and applied by the Dispute Settlement Understanding shall apply to consultations and the settlement of disputes under this Agreement except as otherwise specifically provided herein.
由《爭端解決諒解》所詳細闡述和實(shí)施的1994年關(guān)貿總協(xié)定第22條和第23條的規定應適用于本協(xié)定項下產(chǎn)生的磋商和爭端解決，除非其中另有具體規定。
 
2.Subparagraphs 1(b) and 1(c) of Article XXIII of GATT 1994 shall not apply to the settlement of disputes under this Agreement for a period of five years from the date of entry into force of the WTO Agreement.
自《WTO協(xié)定》生效之日起5年內，1994年關(guān)貿總協(xié)定第23條第1款(b)項和(c)項不應適用于本協(xié)定項下的爭端解決。
 
3.During the time period referred to in paragraph 2，the Council for TRIPS shall examine the scope and modalities for complaints of the type provided for under subparagraphs 1(b) and 1(c) of Article XXIII of GATT 1994 made pursuant to this Agreement，and submit its recommendations to the Ministerial Conference for approval. Any decision of the Ministerial Conference to approve such recommendations or to extend the period in paragraph 2 shall be made only by consensus，and approved recommendations shall be effective for all Members without further formal acceptance process.
在第2款所指的時(shí)期內，TRIPS理事會(huì )應審查根據本協(xié)定提出的并屬于1994年關(guān)貿總協(xié)定第23條第l款(b)項和(c)項規定類(lèi)型的起訴的范圍和模式，并將其建議提交部長(cháng)級會(huì )議批準。部長(cháng)級會(huì )議關(guān)于批準這種建議或延長(cháng)第2款中時(shí)限的任何決定只應通過(guò)協(xié)商一致作出，且經(jīng)批準的建議應對所有成員生效，無(wú)需進(jìn)一步的正式接受程序。
 
PART VI  Transitional Arrangements第六部分  過(guò)渡性安排
Article 65  Transitional Arrangements第65條  臨時(shí)性安排
 
1.Subject to the provisions of paragraphs 2，3 and 4，no Member shall be obliged to apply the provisions of this Agreement before the expiry of a general period of one year following the date of entry into force of the WTO Agreement.
在遵守本條第2款、第3款和第4款的前提下，任何成員都無(wú)義務(wù)在《WTO協(xié)定》生效之日起1年的一般期限屆滿(mǎn)前適用本協(xié)定的規定。
 
2.A developing country Member is entitled to delay for a further period of four years the date of application，as defined in paragraph 1，of the provisions of this Agreement other than Articles 3，4 and 5.
一發(fā)展中國家成員有權將第1款規定的本協(xié)定規定的實(shí)施日期再推遲4年，但第3條、第4條和第5條規定除外；
 
3.Any other Member which is in the process of transformation from a centrally-planned into a market，free-enterprise economy and which is undertaking structural reform of its intellectual property system and facing special problems in the preparation and implementation of intellectual property laws and regulations，may also benefit from a period of delay as foreseen in paragraph 2.
正處于從中央計劃經(jīng)濟向市場(chǎng)和自由企業(yè)經(jīng)濟轉型過(guò)程中的任何其他成員，以及正在進(jìn)行知識產(chǎn)權體制結構改革并在制訂和實(shí)施知識產(chǎn)權法律和規章中面臨特殊困難的成員，也可受惠于第2款所預想的延遲時(shí)期。
 
4.To the extent that a developing country Member is obliged by this Agreement to extend product patent protection to areas of technology not so protectable in its territory on the general date of application of this Agreement for that Member，as defined in paragraph 2， it may delay the application of the provisions on product patents of Section 5 of Part II to such areas of technology for an additional period of five years.
如若一發(fā)展中國家成員按照本協(xié)定有義務(wù)將產(chǎn)品專(zhuān)利保護擴大至根據第2款規定的、對其適用本協(xié)定的一般日期其領(lǐng)土內尚未接受保護的技術(shù)領(lǐng)域，則該成員可再推遲5年對這些技術(shù)領(lǐng)域適用本協(xié)定第二部分第5節關(guān)于產(chǎn)品專(zhuān)利的規定。
 
5.A Member availing itself of a transitional period under paragraphs 1，2，3 or 4 shall ensure that any changes in its laws，regulations and practice made during that period do not result in a lesser degree of consistency with the provisions of this Agreement.
利用第1款、第2款、第3款或第4款項下的過(guò)渡期的一成員，應保證在此期間其在法律、規章和做法的任何變化不會(huì )導致降低其與本協(xié)定規定一致性的程度。
 
Article 66  Least-Developed Country Members第66條  最不發(fā)達國家成員
1.In view of the special needs and requirements of least-developed country Members， their economic，financial and administrative constraints，and their need for flexibility to create a viable technological base，such Members shall not be required to apply the provisions of this Agreement，other than Articles 3，4 and 5，for a period of 10 years from the date of application as defined under paragraph 1 of Article 65. The Council for TRIPS shall，upon duly motivated request by a least-developed country Member，accord extensions of this period.
鑒于最不發(fā)達國家成員的特殊需要和要求，其在經(jīng)濟、財政和管理方面的局限性，及其為創(chuàng )立可行的技術(shù)基礎所需的靈活性，不得要求這些成員在按第65條第1款定義的適用日期起10年內本協(xié)定的規定，但第3條、第4條和第5條除外。當最不發(fā)達國家成員提出有正當根據的要求時(shí)，TRIPS理事會(huì )應延長(cháng)該期限。
 
2.Developed country Members shall provide incentives to enterprises and institutions in their territories for the purpose of promoting and encouraging technology transfer to
least-developed country Members in order to enable them to create a sound and viable technological base.
發(fā)達國家成員應推動(dòng)其領(lǐng)土內的企業(yè)和組織，促進(jìn)和鼓勵向最不發(fā)達國家成員進(jìn)行技術(shù)轉讓?zhuān)�以使這些成員創(chuàng )立一個(gè)良好和可行的技術(shù)基礎。
 
Article 67   Technical Cooperation第67條  技術(shù)合作
In order to facilitate the implementation of this Agreement，developed country Members shall provide，on request and on mutually agreed terms and conditions，technical and financial cooperation in favor of developing and least-developed country Members. Such cooperation shall include assistance in the preparation of laws and regulations on the protection and enforcement of intellectual property rights as well as on the prevention of their abuse，and shall include support regarding the establishment or reinforcement of domestic offices and agencies relevant to these matters, including the training of personnel.
為促進(jìn)本協(xié)議的實(shí)施，發(fā)達國家成員對發(fā)展中國家和最不發(fā)達國家成員的請求，并按雙方同意的條件，應提供有利于發(fā)展中國家和最不發(fā)達國家成員的技術(shù)和資金合作。這種合作應包括幫助制訂有關(guān)知識產(chǎn)權保護和實(shí)施以及防止其濫用的法律和規章，并應包括支持設立或加強與這些事項有關(guān)的國內機關(guān)和機構，包括人員培訓。
 
 
PART VII  Institutional arrangements; final provisions第七部分  機構安排：最后條款
 
Article 68  Council for Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights
第68條  TRIPS理事會(huì )
 
The Council for TRIPS shall monitor the operation of this Agreement and，in particular， Members' compliance with their obligations hereunder，and shall afford Members the opportunity of consulting on matters relating to the trade-related aspects of intellectual property rights. It shall carry out such other responsibilities as assigned to it by the Members，and it shall，in particular, provide any assistance requested by them in the context of dispute settlement procedures. In carrying out its functions，the Council for TRIPS may consult with and seek information from any source it deems appropriate. In consultation with WIPO，the Council shall seek to establish, within one year of its first meeting，appropriate arrangements for cooperation with bodies of that Organization.
TRIPS理事會(huì )應監督本協(xié)議的實(shí)施，特別是各成員遵守本協(xié)定項下義務(wù)的情況，并應為各成員提供機會(huì )就與貿易有關(guān)的知識產(chǎn)權事項進(jìn)行磋商。TRIPS理事會(huì )應履行各成員所指定的其他責任，特別是在爭端解決程序方面向其提供要求的任何幫助。在履行其職能時(shí)，TRIPS理事會(huì )可向其認為適當的任何資料來(lái)源進(jìn)行磋商并索取信息。經(jīng)與WIPO磋商，理事會(huì )應尋求在其第一次會(huì )議后1年內達成與該組織下屬機構進(jìn)行合作的適當安排。
 
Article 69  International Cooperation第69條  國際合作
Members agree to cooperate with each other with a view to eliminating international trade in goods infringing intellectual property rights. For this purpose，they shall establish and notify contact points in their administrations and be ready to exchange information on trade in infringing goods. They shall，in particular，promote the exchange of information and cooperation between customs authorities with regard to trade in counterfeit trademark goods and pirated copyright goods.
各成員同意相互進(jìn)行合作，以消除侵犯知識產(chǎn)權的貨物的國際貿易。為此，它們應在其政府機構內設立聯(lián)絡(luò )點(diǎn)并就此進(jìn)行通知，并準備就侵權貨物的貿易交流信息。它們特別應就假冒商標貨物和盜版貨物的貿易而促進(jìn)海關(guān)當局之間的信息交流和合作。
 
Article 70  Protection of Existing Subject Matter第70條  對現有客體的保護
1.This Agreement does not give rise to obligations in respect of acts which occurred before the date of application of the Agreement for the Member in question.
對于在本協(xié)定規定的成員適用之日前發(fā)生的行為，本協(xié)定不產(chǎn)生任何義務(wù)。
 
2.Except as otherwise provided for in this Agreement，this Agreement gives rise to obligations in respect of all subject matter existing at the date of application of this Agreement for the Member in question，and which is protected in that Member on the said date，or which meets or comes subsequently to meet the criteria for protection under the terms of this Agreement. In respect of this paragraph and paragraphs 3 and 4，copyright obligations with respect to existing works shall be solely determined under Article 18 of the Berne Convention (1971)，and obligations with respect to the rights of producers of phonograms and performers in existing phonograms shall be determined solely under Article 18 of the Berne Convention (1971) as made applicable under paragraph 6 of Article 14 of this Agreement.
除非本協(xié)定另有規定，否則本協(xié)定對于在本協(xié)定規定的成員適用之日已存在的、在上述日期受該成員保護、或符合或隨后符合根據本協(xié)定條款規定的保護標準的所有客體產(chǎn)生義務(wù)。就本款以及第3款和第4款而言，涉及現有作品的版權義務(wù)應僅根據《伯爾尼公約》(1971)第18條確定，涉及錄音制品制作者和表演者對現有錄音制品享有權利的義務(wù)則應僅根據本協(xié)定第14條第6款適用的《伯爾尼公約》(1971)第18條確定。
 
3.There shall be no obligation to restore protection to subject matter which on the date of application of this Agreement for the Member in question has fallen into the public domain.
對于在本協(xié)定規定的成員適用之日已進(jìn)入公有領(lǐng)域的客體，該成員無(wú)義務(wù)恢復保護。
 
4.In respect of any acts in respect of specific objects embodying protected subject matter which become infringing under the terms of legislation in conformity with this Agreement， and which were commenced，or in respect of which a significant investment was made， before the date of acceptance of the WTO Agreement by that Member，any Member may provide for a limitation of the remedies available to the right holder as to the continued performance of such acts after the date of application of this Agreement for that Member. In such cases the Member shall，however，at least provide for the payment of equitable remuneration.
對于有關(guān)包含受保護客體的特定對象所采取的任何行為，如若根據與本協(xié)定相符的立法條款規定構成侵權，且如若該行為在該成員批準本協(xié)定之日以前已經(jīng)開(kāi)始，或已經(jīng)為此進(jìn)行大量投資，則任何成員可就在其適用本協(xié)定之日起繼續實(shí)施此類(lèi)行為規定權利持有人可獲得的救濟限度。然而，在此情況下，該成員至少應規定支付公平的報酬。
 
5.A Member is not obliged to apply the provisions of Article 11 and of paragraph 4 of Article 14 with respect to originals or copies purchased prior to the date of application of this Agreement for that Member.
一成員無(wú)義務(wù)對于在其適用本協(xié)定之日前購買(mǎi)的原版或復制品適用第11條和第14條第4款的規定。
 
6.Members shall not be required to apply Article 31，or the requirement in paragraph 1 of Article 27 that patent rights shall be enjoyable without discrimination as to the field of technology，to use without the authorization of the right holder where authorization for such use was granted by the government before the date this Agreement became known.
如若在本協(xié)定眾所周知之日前政府已給予這種使用的授權，其中權利持有人無(wú)需授權幾可使用，則不要求各成員適用第31條規定，或第27條第l款關(guān)于專(zhuān)利權享有技術(shù)領(lǐng)域不受歧視的要求。
 
7.In the case of intellectual property rights for which protection is conditional upon registration，applications for protection which are pending on the date of application of this Agreement for the Member in question shall be permitted to be amended to claim any enhanced protection provided under the provisions of this Agreement. Such amendments shall not include new matter.
在知識產(chǎn)權的保護是以注冊為條件的情況下，應允許對在本協(xié)定規定的成員適用之日前未決的保護申請應被允許加以修改，以便申請人要求本協(xié)定下項下規定的任何加強的保護。這種修改不應包括新的事項。
 
8.Where a Member does not make available as of the date of entry into force of the WTO Agreement patent protection for pharmaceutical and agricultural chemical products commensurate with its obligations under Article 27，that Member shall：
如若截止《WTO協(xié)定》生效之日，一成員仍未按照第27條的義務(wù)對藥品和農業(yè)化學(xué)產(chǎn)品獲得專(zhuān)利保護，則該成員應：
 
(a)notwithstanding the provisions of Part VI, provide as from the date of entry into force of the WTO Agreement a means by which applications for patents for such inventions can be filed；
盡管有第六部分的規定，自《WTO協(xié)定》生效之日起提供據以提出這種發(fā)明的專(zhuān)利申請方法；
 
(b)apply to these applications，as of the date of application of this Agreement，the criteria for patentability as laid down in this Agreement as if those criteria were being applied on the date of filing in that Member or, where priority is available and claimed，the priority date of the application；and
自本協(xié)定生效之日起，對這些申請適用本協(xié)定規定的授予專(zhuān)利的標準，如同這些標準在申請之日已在該成員中適用，或如若存在并請求優(yōu)先權，則適用優(yōu)先的申請日期；以及
 
(c)provide patent protection in accordance with this Agreement as from the grant of the patent and for the remainder of the patent term，counted from the filing date in accordance with Article 33 of this Agreement，for those of these applications that meet the criteria for protection referred to in subparagraph (b).
自授予專(zhuān)利時(shí)起和在根據本協(xié)定第33條提出申請之日起計算的剩余專(zhuān)利期限內，根據本協(xié)定對符合(b)項所指的保護標準的那些申請提供專(zhuān)利保護。
 
9.Where a product is the subject of a patent application in a Member in accordance with paragraph 8(a)，exclusive marketing rights shall be granted，notwithstanding the provisions of Part VI，for a period of five years after obtaining marketing approval in that Member or until a product patent is granted or rejected in that Member, whichever period is shorter，provided that，subsequent to the entry into force of the WTO Agreement，a patent application has been filed and a patent granted for that product in another Member and marketing approval obtained in such other Member.
如若根據第8款(a)項一產(chǎn)品在一成員中是專(zhuān)利申請的客體，則盡管有第六部分的規定，仍應授予專(zhuān)有銷(xiāo)售權，期限或為在該成員中獲得銷(xiāo)售許可之后5年，或至一項產(chǎn)品專(zhuān)利在該成員中被授予或被拒絕時(shí)為止，以時(shí)間短者為準，只要《WTO協(xié)定》生效之后，一專(zhuān)利申請已在另一成員提出，一產(chǎn)品已獲得專(zhuān)利，以及在該另一成員已獲銷(xiāo)售許可。
 
Article 71  Review and Amendment第71條  審議和修正
1.The Council for TRIPS shall review the implementation of this Agreement after the expiration of the transitional period referred to in paragraph 2 of Article 65. The Council shall，having regard to the experience gained in its implementation，review it two years after that date, and at identical intervals thereafter. The Council may also undertake reviews in the light of any relevant new developments which might warrant modification or amendment of this Agreement.
在第65條第2款所指的過(guò)渡期屆滿(mǎn)后，TRIPS理事會(huì )應審議本協(xié)定的實(shí)施情況。理事會(huì )應在考慮實(shí)施過(guò)程中獲得經(jīng)驗的同時(shí)，在該日期之后2年內、并在其后以同樣的間隔進(jìn)行審議。理事會(huì )也可按照有理由修改或修正本協(xié)定的任何新的發(fā)展情況進(jìn)行審議。
 
2.Amendments merely serving the purpose of adjusting to higher levels of protection of intellectual property rights achieved，and in force，in other multilateral agreements and accepted under those agreements by all Members of the WTO may be referred to the Ministerial Conference for action in accordance with paragraph 6 of Article X of the WTO Agreement on the basis of a consensus proposal from the Council for TRIPS.
僅為達適應在其他多邊協(xié)議中達成和實(shí)施，并由WTO所有成員在這些協(xié)定項下接受的知識產(chǎn)權保護水平的修正之目的，在TRIPS理事會(huì )經(jīng)協(xié)商一致所提建議的基礎上，可根據《WTO協(xié)定》第10條第6款提交部長(cháng)會(huì )議采取行動(dòng)。
 
Article 72  Reservations第72條  保留
Reservations may not be entered in respect of any of the provisions of this Agreement without the consent of the other Members.
未經(jīng)其他成員同意，不得對本協(xié)定的任何規定提出保留。
 
Article 73  Security Exceptions第73條  安全例外
Nothing in this Agreement shall be construed：本協(xié)定的規定不應解釋為：
(a) to require a Member to furnish any information the disclosure of which it considers contrary to its essential security interests；or
要求一成員提供其認為如披露則違背其根本安全利益任何信息；或
 
(b) to prevent a Member from taking any action which it considers necessary for the protection of its essential security interests；
阻止一成員采取它認為對保護其根本安全利益所必需的任何行動(dòng)；
 
(i) relating to fissionable materials or the materials from which they are derived；
與裂變物質(zhì)或衍生這些物質(zhì)的物質(zhì)有關(guān)的行動(dòng)；
 
(ii) relating to the traffic in arms, ammunition and implements of war and to such traffic in other goods and materials as is carried on directly or indirectly for the purpose of supplying a military establishment；
與武器、彈藥和戰爭工具的貿易的有關(guān)行動(dòng)，以及與這種貿易運輸的直接或間接供應軍事機構的其他貨物和物質(zhì)的有關(guān)行動(dòng)；
 
taken in time of war or other emergency in international relations；or （c）to prevent a Member from taking any action in pursuance of its obligations under the United Nations Charter for the maintenance of international peace and security.
 
在戰時(shí)或國際關(guān)系中其他緊張狀態(tài)時(shí)采取的行動(dòng)；或（c）阻止一成員為履行《聯(lián)合國憲章》項下維持國際和平和安全的義務(wù)而采取的任何行動(dòng)。